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475 articles for “Preparation”
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Effect of Coupling Agent on Organoclay Dispersion in Polyethylene/Organoclay Nanocomposites for Packaging Industry
Abstract: Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is one of the most widely used polymers in various fields, but due to the hydrophobic nature of LDPE, it is hard to prepare an LDPE/clay nanocomposite. In this article, an LDPE/organoclay nanocomposite, which can be used in the packaging industry, was prepared by melt-blending organoclay with a polymer matrix (LDPE) and compatibilizer, low molecular weight oxidized polyethylene. The influences of organoclay, and compatibilizer during melt mixing …
Published in International Journal of Composite Materials and Matrices · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Experimental Demonstration on the Recording of Capillary-Filled Microfluidic Devices Fabricated by Polymeric Material
Abstract: In this present experimental work, total 52 individual PMMA microfluidic devices are fabricated by maskless lithography, hot embossing lithography and direct bonding technique in a cleanroom laboratory. The selected working liquids are dyed water, dyed aqueous ethanol and dyed aqueous isopropyl alcohol and are prepared in a materials-science laboratory. Fabricated microfluidic devices are tested by the prepared aqueous working liquids, and each capillary-filled device after the surface-driven microfluidic flow is …
Published in International Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 31–41 Read article
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Experimental Analysis and Effect of Fiber Surface Modifications on the Properties of Plant-Drive Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites
Abstract: Global challenges of today center on ways to combat global warming while reducing the rate at which fossil fuels are depleted through the use of environmentally friendly, biodegradable products. This work envisions the use of vetiver fiber (VF) as a reinforcement material in composite material construction, since the scientific literature advocates alternative materials for plastics. Based on the fiber composition of the fibers, the effects of various chemical treatments on …
Published in International Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 46–57 Read article
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Production of Composite Biodiesel from Pongamia & Simarouba oil and Comparison of Performance of Composite Biodiesel with Diesel
Abstract: Pongamia oil and simarouba oil are mixed in equal volume to prepare the composite oil. The composite oil is processed through two stage transesterification process to produce composite biodiesel. The composite biodiesel blends are prepared by mixing neat biodiesel with diesel by 5%, 10% and 20% volume respectively. The engine control factors viz., injection pressure, injection timing and fuel preheating temperature are considered for evaluating the performance of composite biodiesel …
Published in International Journal of I.C. Engines and Gas Turbines · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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An Exploratory Study to Assess the Knowledge and attitude of OPD patients Regarding Prevention and Management of Asthma in selected Hospitals, Ludhiana, Punjab.
Abstract: Introduction: The present study was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude of OPD patients in all age groups regarding asthma in selected hospitals, Ludhiana, Punjab. The research was undertaken by medical–surgical nursing group in partial fulfillment of requirement for the post basic B.Sc. Nursing 2nd year of Baba Farid University of Health Science, Faridkot, Punjab. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge of OPD patients …
Published in International Journal of Immunological Nursing · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 6–28 Read article
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Satisfaction of the Caregivers of the Patients with Spinal Cord Injury Regarding Homecare Guidelines: A Pilot Study
Abstract: Spinal cord injury is a lifelong condition requiring ongoing efforts by multiple disciplines including family members/caregivers. In the current study, ‘Homecare Guidelines’ for the caregivers of the patients being discharged with spinal cord injury were developed. A pilot study was undertaken to assess the satisfaction level of the caregivers regarding homecare guidelines. Homecare guidelines for the caregivers of the patients with spinal cord injury were prepared by following all the …
Published in International Journal of Neurological Nursing · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 5–10 Read article
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The Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding “Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose Level” (smbg) Among Diabetic Patients Admitted in Selected Hospitals of Shimoga Taluk
Abstract: Background: Self-monitoring blood glucose level (smbg) is a key element of home blood glucose Monitoring by people with type-1 and type-2 diabetes mellitus, since approximately 1980, a primary goal of the management of diabetes mellitus is to achieve blood sugar level closer to normal level as much as possible, guided by hbgm several times of smbg in a week benefits included medical cost, a reduction in the occurrence rate and …
Published in International journal of Nursing Science Practice and Research · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 81–93 Read article
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Item Analysis
Abstract: Item analysis is usually carried out by nursing students when they prepare questionnaire or tools for their post graduate research. It is also used by examining bodies who conduct entrance exams. They assess multiple choice questions (mcqs) for their suitability which are prepared by the nursing experts. The good mcqs are thus retained in the entrance exam and poor ones omitted or modified. Item analysis is done to evaluate the …
Published in International journal of Nursing Science Practice and Research · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 6–7 Read article
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Relationship of Psychosocial Problems and Coping Strategies among Breast Cancer Patients: A Descriptive Survey
Abstract: Breast cancer is the 2nd most frequent cancer among Indian women. The incidence is more in urban women as compared to rural women. The incidence rate varies from 22–28/100,000 women per year in urban areas to 6 per 100,000 women/year in rural areas. A descriptive survey method and purposive sampling technique were used to select 100 female patients undergoing treatment of breast cancer for the present study. A self-structured interview …
Published in International journal of Nursing Science Practice and Research · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 71–76 Read article
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A Comparative Study to Assess the Knowledge and Attitude of Mothers Regarding Developmental Milestones Among Their Under-Five Children in Selected Rural and Urban Areas of Ludhiana, Punjab
Abstract: A comparative study was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude of mothers regarding developmental milestones among their under-five children in selected rural and urban areas of Ludhiana, Punjab. The objectives of the study were to assess the knowledge of rural and urban mothers regarding developmental milestones among their under-five children; to assess the attitude of the rural and urban mothers regarding developmental milestones among their under-five children; to compare …
Published in International Journal of Pediatric Nursing · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 28–64 Read article
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Amid COVID-19 Lockdown: Impact on School-going Children and Adolescents
Abstract: Introduction: The spread of coronavirus has led to strict lockdown due to which the enthusiasm and routine of individuals had affected to the maximum, leading to a new normal lifestyle. In India too, the government as a part of the nationwide lockdown has closed all schools and colleges, as a consequence of which, learners ranging from school-going children to postgraduate students, are affected. Objectives: To find out the beneficial and …
Published in International Journal of Pediatric Nursing · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 50–63 Read article
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Photo-Catalytic Degradation of Dyes Using Graphene Oxide–Dithizone Composite
Abstract: Graphene oxide–dithizone (GO–DTZ) composite was successfully synthesized through the copolymerization of graphene oxide and dithizone to develop an efficient photocatalytic material for wastewater treatment. The dithizone polymer was prepared using a 1:2 molar ratio, while graphene oxide was synthesized via the modified Hummers’ method to obtain highly oxidized graphene sheets with abundant oxygen-containing functional groups. The GO–DTZ nanocomposite was fabricated by ultrasonically dispersing graphene oxide with the synthesized dithizone polymer …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 46–53 Read article
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General and Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiments for Science, Pre-medical, and Pharmacy Students – Chapter V: Organic Synthesis
Abstract: Organic synthesis can be classified into many types, including simple one-step synthesis, multi-step, one-pot, microwave, or green synthesis. Each type of synthesis takes place through a specific pathway depending on reactants involved, the reaction conditions, the catalyst, the protection group, and the duration of the reaction. In some cases, the required compound can be prepared by more than one procedure, and an expert chemist prefers the procedure by which the …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 8–16 Read article
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A Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding Alcoholism Among Auto Drivers in a Selected Area of Rewa City with a View to Develop Information Booklet
Abstract: Indian society is gradually transitioning from a traditionally conservative framework to a more open and liberal environment, leading to changing attitudes toward alcohol consumption, particularly among youth. Alcohol use is increasingly viewed as socially acceptable, despite its serious health and social consequences. Globally, harmful use of alcohol accounts for nearly 2.5 million deaths annually, including approximately 3,20,000 deaths among individuals aged 15–29 years due to alcohol-related causes. This growing concern …
Published in International journal of Nursing Science Practice and Research · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 19–28 Read article
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Synthesis and Characterization of Polymer-Based Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Materials viaSol–Gel Processing: A Review of Gelatin–Silica, Gelatin–Silica–Titania and HPMA-Based Systems
Abstract: Organic–inorganic hybrid materials have emerged as a versatile class of advanced materials that integrate the flexibility and functionality of organic polymers with the thermal, mechanical, and chemical stability of inorganic networks. Among the available fabrication routes, the sol–gel process has gained considerable attention because of its simplicity, low processing temperature, compositional flexibility, and ability to tailor material properties at the molecular level. The present review discusses the synthesis and characterization …
Published in International Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Establishment of a Sensitive LC-MS Method for Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Decitabine and Cedazuridie in Rat Plasma
Abstract: A simple, rapid, and highly sensitive liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) method was successfully developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of Decitabine and Cedazuridine in plasma matrices. The method demonstrated excellent linearity across the selected calibration range, with correlation coefficients (R²) consistently exceeding 0.999 for both analytes, indicating strong analytical performance. Method validation was carried out in accordance with ICH Q2(R2) and US FDA bioanalytical method validation guidelines, ensuring compliance …
Published in International Journal of Green Chemistry · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 34–42 Read article
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Experimental Investigation of the Influence of Coarse Aggregate Size and their Proportioning on the M30 Concrete for CC Pavement
Abstract: Abstract The nominal maximum size (NMS) and proportion of coarse aggregates significantly influence the mechanical properties and performance of cement concrete pavements. While extensive research has focused on concrete mix design, the combined effect of coarse aggregate size and aggregate proportioning on the compressive strength of pavement-grade concrete remains inadequately understood. This study experimentally investigates the influence of coarse aggregate characteristics on the compressive strength of M30 grade concrete. Two …
Published in International Journal of Concrete Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 13–23 Read article
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Synthesis, Structural Elucidation, and Antimicrobial Screening of a Cobalt (II) Coordination Compound Derived from a Thiophene-Containing Schiff Base
Abstract: Abstract An N, O-chelating azomethine Schiff base ligand (HL), chemically identified as 2-{[(thiophen-2-yl) methylidene] amino} benzoic acid, was synthesized by an equimolar condensation reaction between thiophene-2-carbaldehyde and anthranilic acid in absolute ethanol in the presence of a catalytic amount of acetic acid. The corresponding cobalt (II) complex, formulated as [Co(L)₂] · 2H₂O, was prepared by refluxing two equivalents of the ligand with one equivalent of cobalt (II) acetate tetrahydrate in …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Establishment of a Sensitive LC-MS Method for Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Decitabine and Cedazuridie in Rat Plasma
Abstract: Abstract A simple, rapid, and highly sensitive liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) method was successfully developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of Decitabine and Cedazuridine in plasma matrices. The method demonstrated excellent linearity across the selected calibration range, with correlation coefficients (R²) consistently exceeding 0.999 for both analytes, indicating strong analytical performance. Method validation was carried out in accordance with ICH Q2(R2) and US FDA bioanalytical method validation guidelines, ensuring …
Published in International Journal of Green Chemistry · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 34–42 Read article
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Chemical Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Solid-State Chemistry of NiₓCo₁₋ₓFe₂O₄ Ferrite Oxides
Abstract: Ferrite materials have attracted significant attention in recent decades due to their remarkable magnetic, electrical, and catalytic properties. Spinel ferrites, generally represented by the formula MFe₂O₄ (where M denotes a divalent metal ion such as Ni²⁺ or Co²⁺), have attracted significant attention due to their versatile applications in areas including magnetic storage, microwave absorption, sensing technologies, transformers, and catalysis. . In particular, nickel–cobalt mixed ferrites (NiₓCo₁₋ₓFe₂O₄) are of considerable interest …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–9 Read article