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192 articles for “COD”
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Performance Analysis of Spreading Code in CDMA System
Abstract: ABSTRACT The Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) had been used as a preferred technology for Wireless Communication System. A unique code is assign to each user. That why we required large no. orthogonal spreading codes in order to served large no. of user over a same bandwidth. This generated spreading codes must have low value of cross-correlation between them and mitigate the effect of Multiple User Interference (MUI). In this …
Published in International Journal of Telecommunications & Emerging Technologies · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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Smart Codes E-learning Website
Abstract: This paper introduces a sponsored e-learning website that can be used to learn educational stubs like web development and technologies required for artificial intelligence. The aim of this research is to create a user-friendly e-learning website for the sponsor. This website is designed to be well structured and easy to navigate. As technology is increasing in the web development as well as in artificial intelligence, they show a platform to …
Published in International Journal of Software Computing and Testing · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 15–21 Read article
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AI-Assisted Code Generation: Integrating Natural Language Models with Compiler Frameworks for Enhanced Software Development
Abstract: The rapid evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has profoundly transformed contemporary software engineering practices, particularly through the emergence of AI-assisted code generation driven by large-scale natural language models (NLMs). These models, trained on extensive repositories of source code and technical documentation, enable developers to generate, modify, refactor, and optimize source code directly from natural language instructions, thereby significantly reducing manual coding effort and accelerating overall software development cycles. By allowing …
Published in International Journal of Software Computing and Testing · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Morse Code Communication System Using Microcontroller
Abstract: This project aims to design and implement a microcontroller-based Morse code communication system, highlighting the historical significance and enduring relevance of Morse code in communication. Morse code's simplicity and effectiveness make it invaluable in situations where traditional communication methods may be impractical. By leveraging the capabilities of a microcontroller, this system automates the generation and decoding of Morse code signals, thereby enhancing communication efficiency and reliability. The goals of the …
Published in International Journal of Microelectronics and Digital integrated circuits · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 10–17 Read article
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Hybrid Methodology for Compression of Remote Sensing Imagery Using Huffman and Run-length Coding
Abstract: The remote sensing imagery generated by the onboard sensors of various satellites are contained in several wavelength bands. These bands constitute high resolution that occupy a lot of storage space and memory. Moreover, the downlink transmission to the ground station for these images requires high bandwidth. Therefore, the high-resolution satellite imagery needs to be compressed so that more number of images can be transmitted without any significant loss of information …
Published in International Journal of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 17–24 Read article
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A Next Gen Encryption and Decryption Analysis based on Golay Codes
Abstract: Secure data transfer is a top priority in today's digital communication environment. Numerous applications of the principles of arithmetic and computing are explored via data coding and decoding. Both in the domains of digital communication and cryptography and cryptanalysis. for enhancing the codes' security via the use of the Galious field (G.F. Algebra and number theory researchers are actively studying computation over finite fields, often known as Galois fields, which …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 2–10 Read article
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A Secured Check-In and Check-Out System Using Private Key Authentication and QR Code Verification Techniques for Daycare Management
Abstract: The safety and security of children in daycare centers remain a critical concern for parents and caregivers. Child daycare centers play a fundamental role in providing a safe and nurturing environment for children while their parents or guardians engage in work and other responsibilities. However, ensuring the safety and security of children in these facilities remains a major concern, particularly in monitoring drop-offs and pick-ups to prevent unauthorized access and …
Published in International Journal of Software Computing and Testing · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 27–40 Read article
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Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) Coded MIMO-Constant Envelop Modulation System With IF Sampled 1-Bit ADC
Abstract: MIMO-constant envelop modulation (CEM) is a very power and complexity efficient system, which is introduced as alternative candidate to the currently used MIMO-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). CEM system enables to use high efficient nonlinear power amplifier on the transmitter side and 1 bit (low resolution) analog to digital converter (ADC) on the receiver side. Due to adopting the low resolution at the receiver side a great reduction in hardware …
Published in International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog Signals · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Improved Programming Model Using AI: Shifting from Imperative Coding to Declarative Intent
Abstract: The contemporary software development lifecycle is burdened by significant cognitive friction, characterized by high demands for syntax recall, boilerplate management, and painstaking manual debugging. This paper proposes and examines a novel programming model built upon deeply embedded artificial intelligence, moving beyond simple code completion tools to establish a truly intent-based, declarative development environment. The proposed model leverages specialized large language models and domain-specific generative agents (Cognitive Programming Assistants, or CPAs) …
Published in International Journal of Software Computing and Testing · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Formulation of Form-Based Code to improve the livability of a neighbourhood - A case study and application on a major street in Anna Nagar, Chennai.
Abstract: Neighbourhood planning and redevelopment must ensure that it is healthy, sustainable and equitable by providing easy access to shops, services, schools, to nature and community. An efficient neighbourhood has to not only provide an affordable and good quality of life for residents of all age groups but should also be financially viable for developers. Hence, to ensure that redevelopment responds to revised community needs, a new thought process must be …
Published in International Journal of Urban Design · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 12–20 Read article
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Quantification of Morphine, Codeine, and Dihydrocodeine in Carissa carandas Leaves and Fruit Using LC-MS/MS: The Impact of Drying on Alkaloid Concentration
Abstract: This study presents a method for quantifying morphine, codeine, and dihydrocodeine in Carissa carandas (Karonda) leaves and fruit, employing morphine-D3 as an internal standard (1 µg/mL) to ensure accuracy. Samples are prepared at 25 ng/mL and extracted using solvent techniques, with an optional solid-phase extraction step to mitigate matrix effects. Quantification is conducted via LC-MS/MS, providing robust sensitivity. Results show that drying concentrates these alkaloids, particularly morphine in fruit, due …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 49–61 Read article
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Video Coding with Packed Stream in Image Processing and Applications
Abstract: Scalable video coding is a technique which allows a compressed video stream to be decoded in several different ways. This ability allows a user to adaptively recover a specific version of a video depending on its own requirements. Video sequences have temporal, spatial and quality scalabilities. In this work we introduce a novel fully scalable video codec. It is based on a motion-compensated temporal filtering (MCTF) of the video sequences …
Published in International Journal of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 36–44 Read article
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Application of Embedding Method for both the Study of Binary Codes
Abstract: Binary code analysis is essential for analyzing programmers despite access to the actual source code specific to valuable place. The study of binaries may be difficult due to their wide variations: due to the proliferation of tech developers, the source code is now often optimized for several instruction set architectures (ISAs); although there is no systematic vocabulary that distinguishes among their assembly languages. The complexity of detection has been further …
Published in International Journal of Microelectronics and Digital integrated circuits · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 10–18 Read article
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Professional Ethics and Code of Conduct in Architecture: An Evaluation of Indian Scenario
Abstract: Architecture thrives on creativity and originality, yet rising cases of plagiarism and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) violations threaten professional integrity. The aim of this research is to understand legal and ethical frameworks that balance creativity, authorship, and inspiration. While existing literature on architectural ethics, the Copyright Act, and IPR focuses on broad legal principles, their practical application in architecture remains underexplored. Comparison with international frameworks reveals gaps in India’s legal …
Published in International Journal of Landscape Planning and Architecture · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–17 Read article
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Urban Renewal through Form-Based Codes
Abstract: Considering the population rise with the relationship to the limited land, the quality of life is decreasing especially in urban areas, the cities were planned in the past according to the need at that time but the question is can it sustain the present need, if not then what is the solution, what do we do to our old city areas which are rich in culture in terms of tangible …
Published in International Journal of Town Planning and Management · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 52–65 Read article
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Induced codeposition of Ni-W alloy coatings using glycerol as additive and their characterization
Abstract: As a promising coating material to replace hard chromium coating, the development of nickel–tungsten (Ni-W) alloy coatings of good corrosion protection is of great interest in surface coating technology. Further, the effect of plating variables, including additive on the composition of alloys of induced co-deposition is more vagarious than in other types of alloy deposition. In this regard, an alkaline citrate bath has been formulated for electrodeposition of Ni-W alloy …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Evaluation of Various Numerical Methods in Large Scale FE Simulation Codes for 3D Crack Propagation
Abstract: In this paper, four different numerical methods implemented in the large scale simulation code LS-DYNA are evaluated to determine their abilities and limitations in fracture problems especially 3-d crack propagation problems. Similar formulations are implemented in the code ABAQUS as well. These methods are: Finite Element Method (FEM), Discrete Element Method (DEM), Element Free Galerkin (EFG) method and Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM). Their methodologies are briefly described and several …
Published in International Journal of Structural Mechanics and Finite Elements · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 44–66 Read article
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Planar-to-Rotary G-code Transformation Via Post-Processing for Discrete 4-Axis Machining
Abstract: Conventional 4-axis CNC machining remains inaccessible to many due to the high costs of industrial hardware and the complexity of firmware modifications for entry-level controllers. This paper presents a software-defined framework that enables Planar-to-Rotary G-code Transformation, allowing standard 3-axis CNC systems to perform discrete 4-axis machining without hardware retrofits or firmware changes. The core of the proposed method is a custom Python-based post-processor that maps Cartesian XZ toolpaths onto a …
Published in International Journal of Computer Aided Manufacturing · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 50–66 Read article
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Analysis of Flat Slab by MATLAB Coding
Abstract: A reinforced concrete slab supported by columns with, or without drop is called as flat slab. The columns for flat slab provided with, or without column heads. Flat slab is a universal structural component widely used in construction now-a-days. Flat slab requires minimum depth as compared to other slab, hence saving in material cost, speedy construction and it allows flexible column grids. MATLAB programming helps in high-performance numerical computation and …
Published in International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 47–53 Read article
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Hamming Coded Watermarking for Image Authentication and Evaluation by Image Transmission using Digital Modulation Schemes
Abstract: Proposed watermarking scheme for image authentication and tampered detection. Here, image encoded with a message is generated, after embedding watermark symbol within a colour cover image. The message information is converted to hexadecimal values from its ASCII representation. To encode this and embed the watermark, (7, 4) Hamming code is used. These bits will be divided into 7-bit blocks which will spread across the width of the image. The proposed …
Published in International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog Signals · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 24–30 Read article