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1013 articles for “characterization”
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Preparation and Characterization of Ce-Si-SBA-15 Modified With Iron
Abstract: Recently environmental concerns have driven the development of specialized catalysts to prevent polluting substances from being released into the environment. New technologies have improvised our understanding of catalytic functions as well as selectivity in order to save the energy and chemicals. Today, catalysis is the workhorse in the chemical industry with approximately >90% of the products produced in catalytic processes. In addition, life cannot exist without catalysis, as virtually all …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2016 Read article
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SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MIXED LIGAND COMPLEXES OF HYDROXAMIC ACIDS WITH POTASSIUM HEXATHIOCYANATO CHROMIUM (III) TETRA HYDRATE
Abstract: Some hydroxamic acids eg.[L1= benzohydroxamic acids (BHA), L2= N-phenyl– benzohydroxamic acid (NPBHA), L3= pivaloyl benzohydroxamic acid (PHA) and L4=N-phenyl-pivaloyl benzohydroxamic acid (PPHA) prepared and reacted with L’=Potassium hexathiocynato chromium (III) tetra hydrate K3[Cr(SCN)6]4H2O.The mixed ligand complexes of hydroxamic acids characterized with the help of repeated melting point, by I.R. studies, magnetic moment, molar conductance and by elemental analysis(C,H and N).The stoichiometry of the complexes were found to be 1:2(M:L) molar …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2016 Read article
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Synthesis, Spectral characterization and biocidal activities of Triphenyl antimony (V) halide and methoxide complexes
Abstract: The schiff base ligands N-mono(salicyclidene)-σ-phenylenediamine (spdH) and N-mono(2-hydroxy-1-naphthalidene)-σ-phenylenediamine (hnpdH) and their triorganoantimony (V) complexes were synthesized by conventional method, were characterized by UV, IR and 1H NMR spectral studies which proposed that in the complexes of the ligands spdH and hnpdH, antimony is seven coordinated and in sp3d3 hybridization state with pentagonal bipyramidal geometry. Keywords: halide, methoxide complexes, triphenylantimony (V)
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2017 Read article
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Synthesis, characterization of Schiff base and its pH metrically studies of transition metal complexes of N'-(3, 4-dihydroxybenzylidene) isonicotinohydrazide.
Abstract: Schiff reaction is one of the versatile reaction widely used in organic synthesis focused on the discovery & development of isoniazide Schiff base derivative N’(3,4-Dihydroxy benzylidene isonicotinohydrazide) have been reported in presence of 0.01g molecular iodine catalyst stirring give fast product & good yield. The synthesized compound is characterized by FTIR & H-NMR analysis. For the development of coordination chemistry Schiff base & metal ion having played most important role, …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 39–47 Read article
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Synthesis of Nano-ZnO by Chemical Method and its Characterization
Abstract: Nanocrystals of ZnO were prepared by chemical method using Zn (II) acetate and potassium hydroxide as the starting materials and methanol as solvent. The material was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron diffraction analysis (EDS), UV-Visible spectroscopy, Dynamic light scatteringanalysis (DLS) and Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. The results indicated that the obtained ZnO material was in nano-dimension and possessed pure …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 13–18 Read article
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Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Study of Chitosan-Schiff Base Manganese Complex
Abstract: Schiff base is the condensation product formed when a primary amine reacts with a carbonyl compound. The term Schiff base is normally applied to those compounds when they are being used as ligands to form coordination complexes with metal ions. Its formation takes place under acid or base catalysis or with heat. Vanillin Schiff base and Aspartic acid-Salicylaldehyde Schiff bases have been synthesised bycondensation reaction. The synthesized ligands were mixed …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Synthesis, Crystal growth and Characterization of Lead acetate zinc (II)Sulphate Material
Abstract: Leadacetatezinc (II) Sulphate Crystal is synthesized by the addition of Leadacetate to Zinc sulphate in equimolar concentration (1:1ratio) to produce larger sized crystal but during the crystallization process a bulk of colourless precipitate was obtained and after filtration the crystals are formed in the filtrate after slow evaporation solution growth technique. Thus formed crystals from the filtrate is kept away and the precipitate formed during the crystallization process is characterized …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 22–29 Read article
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Studies on drying characteristics of wet biomass
Abstract: This work determines the drying characteristics (drying rate, critical moisture content, equilibrium moisture content) of the wet biomass sample in a tray dryer. The parameters studied were Weight of biomass powder (200/300 gm) and Moisture content (10, 20, 30, 40 %).
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 16–23 Read article
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Characterization and Kinetic Study of Sugarcane Bagasse for the Production of Bio-oil Over Monodispersed Fe2 O3 and ZSM-5 Composite
Abstract: The shortage and price scramble of fossil fuels accompanied by vast CO2 emissions have triggered a worldwide search for alternative and sustainable resources. Wind, solar, geothermal, biomass, and water are the most commonly used alternative energy sources. The biomass residues are typically at low cost and readily availabile, and has been used as feedstocks for synthesis of renewable energy. To produced the bio-fuels from biomass residues, several reaction pathways categorized …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 1–13 Read article
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Synthesis and Characterization of Mixed Ligand Complexes of Hydroxamic Acids with Metal (II) Phthalimide
Abstract: The mixed ligand complexes of Co (II) and Ni (II) with potassium salt of phthalimide (primary ligand) and hydroxamic acids (secondary ligand), where hoxm = L1=3,4,5-trimethoxy benzohydroxamic acids (TMBHA), L2=N-phenyl–3,4,5-trimethoxy benzohydroxamic acid (PTMBHA), L3=3,4-di methoxy benzohydroxamic acid (DMBHA) and L4=N-phenyl-3,4-di methoxy benzohydroxamic acid (PDMBHA) and phth=phthamlimide were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, melting points, I.R studies, UV–visible analysis, measurement of magnetic susceptibility, thin layer chromatography, etc. Elemental analysis depicts …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Atomic Layer Etching and its Characteristic
Abstract: Atomic layer etching (ALE) is most advanced etching technique for removing thin layer of material at the atomic level using sequential reaction steps that are self limiting. ALE is thousand times faster as compared of approaches like Reactive ion etching (RIE) & others. ALE with thermal technique, the researchers fabricated 3-D transistors that are as narrow as 2.5 nanometers and more efficient than their commercial counterparts. Consider the etching approaches …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 45–56 Read article
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A Comprehensive Characterization of Zinc Chloride: Unveiling its Role as a Hygroscopic Preservative and Drying Agent through Elemental, Structural, and Morphological Analysis
Abstract: This study presents a detailed investigation of Zinc Chloride( )) utilizing the following different analytical techniques, X-ray diffraction(XRD), Electron Dispersive Spectroscope (EDS), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Zinc Chloride was synthesized using the hydrothermal method. The elemental, structural, morphological, and optical properties of Zinc Chloride ( )) were thoroughly analyzed. The hygroscopic nature and properties of Zinc Chloride upon exposition to air was revealed and its weight/mass …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 13–19 Read article
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Admixtures Effect on Consistency Limits and Shrinkage Characteristics of Expansive Soil
Abstract: Effective usage of admixtures into the soil mixtures improves the characteristics of the soil for better construction. Particularly admixtures such as rice husk ash (RHA), quarry dust (QD) and flyash (FA) showed greater effect on the two types of expansive soils namely black cotton soil (BCS) and clayey soil. The percentage of admixtures is in the range of 0 to 30% at an interval of 10%. This study showed effective …
Published in International Journal of Geological and Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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An Evaluative Analysis of the Utilization of Artificial Neural Networks in Forecasting Soil Engineering Characteristics: An Overview Study
Abstract: The primary objective of utilizing synthetic neural networks was to emulate the problem-solving approach akin to the human brain. This approach of employing artificial neural networks gained extensive traction within the realm of geotechnical engineering, where the engineering properties of soil play a pivotal role in ensuring the stability of various engineering structures. The primary concern revolves around the strength and deformation characteristics exhibited by soil masses. The focus lies …
Published in International Journal of Geological and Geotechnical Engineering · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 55–63 Read article
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Effect of Aggregate Shape and Binder on the Rutting Characteristics of Bituminous Mixes
Abstract: Rutting or permanent deformation is the depression in the wheel paths due to accumulation of small amounts of unrecoverable strains under the channelized repeated wheel loads. Shear deformation or lateral plastic flow of the bituminous mix from the wheel tracks also results in rutting. Performance of bituminous mixes is influenced by the constituents of the mix made of aggregates and binder. Among various parameters of these two ingredients, aggregate shape …
Published in International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Traffic System · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Preliminary Studies on Chemical Characteristics Including Fluoride and Iron Concentration in Ground Waters of Telaiya, Koderma District, Jharkhand, India
Abstract: The problem of high concentration' of various chemical constituents in ground water resources has now become one of the most important health-related geo-environment issues in India. Considering above fact, a preliminary study as chemical characteristics of six groundwater and surface water samples were carried out to assess its suitability for drinking water with reference to Indian Standard Institute and World Health Organization standards and also evaluate the geo-chemical and geological …
Published in International Journal of Water Resources Engineering · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 47–52 Read article
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Simulation Models to Estimate Annual Runoff Volume in different Characteristics Soil Formation
Abstract: The study is aimed at developing mathematical models that will simulate annual runoff to acorresponding annual rainfall for different soil characteristics formation in the studied area. Theresearch established predictive models for sandy soil and sandy loam and coastal alluvium and siltyloam that can be used to simulate annual runoff to a corresponding annual rainfall usingmathematical tool of linear regression method and high correlation was found between annualrainfall and annual runoff …
Published in International Journal of Water Resources Engineering · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 26–33 Read article
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Electrical Characteristics of a Solar Cell/PV Module
Abstract: Conventionally, a PV system consists of solar PV arrays and electric converters. A PV array is formed by series/parallel combination of solar modules. Some operating conditions result in non-uniform irradiance of PV array, such as shadows, clouds, dirt, debris, bird droppings, different orientations and tilts, and so on. If several solar cells in a series PV module are mismatched due to non-uniform irradiance, these cells will limit the output current …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 25–35 Read article
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Review on the Designs and Characteristics of High-Electron Mobility Transistors
Abstract: Many authors have presented different physics based analytical models to manifest the characteristics of high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). The designs of HEMTs are highly important to achieve sufficient efficiency. Conduction band engineering in HEMTs is the reason to generate a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the heterointerface. Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and microwave engineering are the relevant areas for the applications of HEMTs.
Published in International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 20–41 Read article
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Characterization and Photocatalytic Treatment of Oil Produced Water Using TiO2
Abstract: Photo catalytic oxidation is gaining momentum in treating waste water very effectively coupled with solar energy. The solar nano photo catalytic technique involves excitation of a semiconductor through the adsorbent of the electromagnetic radioactivity, most generally within the UV spectrum. In one methodology titanium dioxide semiconductor is excited by using photons which possess sufficient electricity to motivate electrons from valence band which known as band gap, to the conduction band. …
Published in International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 1–10 Read article