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20 articles for “Green solvents”
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Green Solvent Extraction: Sustainable Approaches for Chemical Separation
Abstract: Solvent extraction techniques have advanced significantly as a result of the increased focus on sustainability and environmental responsibility. Traditional organic solvents, while effective in chemical separation processes, often contribute to environmental pollution and pose health risks. In response, researchers have explored greener alternatives that minimize these adverse effects. Compared to traditional procedures, green solvent extraction offers safer and more environmentally friendly solutions by using bio-based solvents, ionic liquids, and deep …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Separation Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 Read article
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Supercritical Fluid Extraction: Mechanisms, Applications, and Recent Developments
Abstract: Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) is an advanced and versatile separation technique that harnesses the unique properties of supercritical fluids (SCFs) to extract a wide variety of compounds from both solid and liquid matrices. Supercritical fluids, which are substances at a temperature and pressure above their critical points, possess both liquid-like density and gas-like viscosity, making them highly effective solvents for extraction processes. This review delves into the underlying mechanisms of …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Separation Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 Read article
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Comprehensive Manufacturing Processes, Chemical Syntheses, and Mass Balance Analyses for Ten Essential Fungicides in Agrochemical Production
Abstract: This research paper presents a detailed examination of the manufacturing processes for ten key fungicides used in agrochemical applications: Amisulbrom, Azoxystrobin, Benzovindiflupyr, Bixafen, Boscalid, Carboxin, Carpropamid, Cyazofamid, Cyclobutrifluram, and Cyflufenamid. For each fungicide, the synthesis pathways are outlined, including step-by-step chemical reactions, basic chemistry, reactant stoichiometries, and mass calculations based on a standardized production scale of 1000 kg of the final product. Mass balances are provided to account for inputs …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–21 Read article
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Design and Optimization of Heterogeneous Catalysts for Green Chemistry Processes
Abstract: The design and optimization of heterogeneous catalysts are critical for advancing green chemistry processes, aiming to minimize environmental impact while maximizing efficiency. This study explores innovative strategies for the development of heterogeneous catalysts that facilitate environmentally benign reactions. By integrating principles of catalyst design, surface science, and reaction engineering, we aim to enhance catalytic performance, selectivity, and stability. Catalyst composition and structure, investigating novel materials, including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), zeolites, …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 42–48 Read article
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Biocatalytic Synergy: Organic Chemistry Strategies for Sustainable Biochemical Transformation
Abstract: In the pursuit of greener and more sustainable chemical processes, biocatalysis has emerged as a pivotal field bridging organic chemistry with biochemical innovation. This paper explores how principles from organic chemistry are being integrated into biocatalytic systems to enable environmentally friendly biochemical transformations. Emphasis is placed on enzyme engineering, co-factor recycling, green solvent usage, and hybrid chemo-enzymatic methodologies that enhance selectivity, reduce toxicity, and minimize environmental impact. Recent advancements—including machine …
Published in International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and Biomaterials · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 38–41 Read article
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Treatment of CO2+NH3 Mixed Waste Gas from Different Sources by Blend Solvents
Abstract: The waste gas from chemical plants, including urea fertilizer plant, contains a large amount of CO2 gas in addition to NH3 gas. New solvents have been studied for use in the absorption of waste gases, but most of them are carried out at specific compositions and flow rates for individual gases. In this paper, a complete conceptual design of the process for separately absorbing CO2 and NH3 gases in a …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Separation Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–19 Read article
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Liquid-Liquid Extraction Strategies for the Isolation of Bioactive Heterocyclic Compounds
Abstract: Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) is a widely employed technique for the isolation of bioactive heterocyclic compounds from natural products, fermentation broths, and synthetic mixtures. The efficiency of LLE depends on several factors, including solvent selection, pH manipulation, salting-out effects, and temperature control. Conventional solvent systems, such as water-organic solvent pairs, are commonly used, while advanced strategies, including ionic liquids (ILs), deep eutectic solvents (DESs), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Separation Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 Read article
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Economical ways to synthesize Nucleotides from Safe and Cheaper raw materials
Abstract: Cytosine is a fundamental nitrogenous base present in both DNA and RNA, playing a critical role inessential cellular processes such as replication, transcription, gene regulation, signal transduction, andDNA repair. Due to its central biological importance, the efficient and cost-effective synthesis of cytosinehas garnered significant interest across biochemical, pharmaceutical, and industrial sectors. However,most conventional synthetic methods rely on complex enzymatic transformations or require expensiveand structurally elaborate starting materials, thereby limiting their …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Economical ways to synthesize Nucleotides from Safe and Cheaper raw materials
Abstract: Cytosine is a fundamental nitrogenous base present in both DNA and RNA, playing a critical role inessential cellular processes such as replication, transcription, gene regulation, signal transduction, andDNA repair. Due to its central biological importance, the efficient and cost-effective synthesis of cytosinehas garnered significant interest across biochemical, pharmaceutical, and industrial sectors. However,most conventional synthetic methods rely on complex enzymatic transformations or require expensiveand structurally elaborate starting materials, thereby limiting their …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions Read article
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Green and Nanotechnology Approaches for the Determination of Tungsten (VI): A Modern Analytical Perspective
Abstract: The determination of tungsten (VI) has gained increasing importance due to its extensive industrial applications and growing environmental relevance. Tungsten is widely used in alloys, catalysts, electronics, and energy systems, leading to its release into environmental matrices such as water, soil, and biological systems. Accurate monitoring of tungsten at trace and ultra-trace levels is therefore essential for environmental assessment and industrial quality control. Conventional analytical techniques, including inductively coupled plasma …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 26–35 Read article
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Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Nanoparticles: Advancing Green Methods Using Plant Extracts
Abstract: Nanotechnology, focusing on materials sized 1-100 nm, has garnered significant interest for its applications in agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and electronic devices. Nanomaterials, due to their unique properties, are pivotal in the development of advanced technologies such as drug delivery systems and nano-devices. Conventional nanoparticle synthesis methods, including sol-gel, chemical precipitation, microwave, and chemical vapor deposition, often involve hazardous chemicals, posing environmental risks. Therefore, there is a crucial demand for environmentally friendly …
Published in International journal of Nanobiotechnology · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 Read article
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Different Method for the Production of OxadiazoleCompounds
Abstract: The creation of procedures for the environmentally friendly synthesis of materials and chemicals isreferred to as "green synthetic protocol." The synthesis of different biologically active compounds isdone through energy-efficient and environmentally safe processes like microwave irradiationtechnology, ultrasound-mediated synthesis, photo-catalysis (ultraviolet, visible, and infraredirradiation), molecular sieving, grinding, and milling techniques, etc. These procedures are regardedas sustainable technology and have gained value as green protocols for the synthesis of novelmedicinal compounds because …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 20–26 Read article
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Eco-Friendly Chemical Processes: The Role of Green Chemistry in Modern Industries
Abstract: Green chemistry focuses on the development of chemical products and processes that minimize or eliminate hazardous substances, promoting sustainability throughout the chemical life cycle. Unlike environmental chemistry, which studies pollutants, green chemistry proactively designs safer alternatives to prevent environmental damage. This field spans multiple disciplines, including organic, inorganic, analytical, and physical chemistry, with applications across pharmaceuticals, manufacturing, and materials science. The principles of green chemistry, first formulated by Paul Anastas …
Published in International Journal of Green Chemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 14–28 Read article
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Sonochemical Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles:Process Fundamentals, Scale-Up Challenges, andIndustrial Opportunities
Abstract: The sonochemical synthesis of copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) has emerged as a powerful and widely investigated strategy in nanomaterials research, owing to the unique physicochemical conditions generated during ultrasonic irradiation. Acoustic cavitation induced by sonication produces transient microenvironments characterized by extremely high local temperatures, pressures, and rapid cooling rates, which collectively enable efficient reduction of copper precursors into nanoscale particles. These conditions cannot be easily achieved through conventional synthetic routes, …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 37–43 Read article
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Greener ways of synthesizing Styrene oxide
Abstract: Styrene oxide is a key intermediate used in the fragrance, flavour, polymer and pharmaceutical industries, basically synthesized through processes such as epoxidation followed by distillation. These methods generate effluents that give rise to significant environmental challenges and rendering large-scale commercial production non-viable. The urgency for a greener and more economically viable synthesis routes has given rise to the exploration of alternative methods that produces lesser effluent generation. Enzymatic synthesis offers …
Published in International Journal of Green Chemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 14–20 Read article
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Recent Advances in Analytical and Applied Chemistry: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: Analytical and Applied Chemistry form the backbone of modern scientific progress, connecting fundamental molecular insights with real-world industrial and societal applications. Over the past decade, these fields have undergone significant transformation, driven by the need for sustainability, precision, and efficiency. This review highlights key advancements in green analytical chemistry (GAC), high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), and the incorporation of nanotechnology into chemical sensing, while also examining their broader implications in applied …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 36–41 Read article
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Eco-Friendly Chemical Processes: The Role of Green Chemistry in Modern Industries
Abstract: Green chemistry focuses on the development of chemical products and processes that minimize or eliminate hazardous substances, promoting sustainability throughout the chemical life cycle. Unlike environmental chemistry, which studies pollutants, green chemistry proactively designs safer alternatives to prevent environmental damage. This field spans multiple disciplines, including organic, inorganic, analytical, and physical chemistry, with applications across pharmaceuticals, manufacturing, and materials science. Key Principles of Green Chemistry Green chemistry is guided by …
Published in International Journal of Green Chemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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Synthesis and Characterization of Quinacridone Violet (Pigment Violet 19): Process Optimization and Colorimetric Evaluation
Abstract: Objective: This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of Quinacridone Violet (Pigment Violet 19), a high-performance organic pigment known for excellent lightfastness and durability. The research aims to optimize the manufacturing process and evaluate the colorimetric properties of the synthesized pigment. Methods: PV 19 was synthesized via a multi-step process involving condensation, oxidation/hydrolysis, and ring closure/cyclization reactions. Two experimental batches (MM#973-A1/B1 and MM#974-A1/B1) were prepared with varying mole ratios …
Published in International Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 41–51 Read article
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General and Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiments for Science, Pre-medical, and Pharmacy Students – Chapter V: Organic Synthesis
Abstract: Organic synthesis can be classified into many types, including simple one-step synthesis, multi-step, one-pot, microwave, or green synthesis. Each type of synthesis takes place through a specific pathway depending on reactants involved, the reaction conditions, the catalyst, the protection group, and the duration of the reaction. In some cases, the required compound can be prepared by more than one procedure, and an expert chemist prefers the procedure by which the …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 8–16 Read article
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Industrial Effluent Pollution and Sustainable Treatment Strategies: An Analytical Approach
Abstract: Industrialization has significantly propelled economic development across the globe, but it has also led to the generation of vast quantities of hazardous effluents that pose serious threats to the environment and public health. Industrial effluents, depending on their origin, often contain high levels of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total dissolved solids (TDS), toxic heavy metals, dyes, solvents, pharmaceutical residues, and other harmful substances. This research paper …
Published in International Journal of Green Chemistry · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 20–25 Read article