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814 articles for “problems”
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Comprehensive Review of Membrane Fouling Control Mechanisms
Abstract: One of the biggest problems with membrane-based separation procedures is membrane fouling. As particles, organic matter, microbes, and other materials build up on the membrane’s surface or inside its pores, the effectiveness of membranes – such as those used in reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, and microfiltration – declines over time. The effectiveness and longevity of the membrane are eventually lowered because of this fouling, which causes a drop in flux and …
Published in International Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Climate Change Modeling Using Machine Learning and Big Data
Abstract: Climate change is now one of the biggest issues that affect the world today and studying its impacts for it is very significant in enabling the formulation of social policies. This paper also discusses how climate sciences, machine learning, and big data analytics can greatly help in the improvement of the current capacities in climate modeling. Explaining the methods of climate modeling, we look at how the big data offers …
Published in International Journal of Software Computing and Testing · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 6–11 Read article
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Effects of Two Parameters Foundation on Uniform Elastic Beam Subjected to Concentrated Moving Loads with Clamped-Clamped Boundary Conditions
Abstract: AbstractThis study endeavors to explore the impacts of two foundational parameters on the dynamic response of a uniform elastic beam subjected to a concentrated moving load under clamped-clamped boundary conditions. The investigation employs the generalized Fourier integral transform alongside a series representation of the Dirac-Delta function, a modified version of Struble’s asymptotic method, and integral transformation techniques in tandem with convolution theory to derive solutions to the dynamic problem. The …
Published in International Journal of Mechanics and Design · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 15–28 Read article
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Rethinking Design Education: Climate-Responsive Practices and Active Engagement
Abstract: Climate-responsive design has become essential with the growing emphasis on sustainability, particularly in line with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities, which calls for future architects to be equipped with both theoretical knowledge and practical skills. The increasing importance of quantitative analysis in climate-responsive design has made it crucial for architectural education to incorporate both intuitive and data-driven approaches. To prepare future architects, schools must ensure that …
Published in International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 34–46 Read article
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From SimCity to Smart City: The Role of Gamification in Teaching Sustainable Design
Abstract: The integration of sustainability into architectural education is critical to preparing future architects for real-world challenges in urban development. This study explores the potential of gamified learning, specifically through the city-building simulation game SimCity, as an innovative pedagogical tool to bridge the gap between theoretical understanding and practical application of sustainable urban planning concepts. SimCity’s game mechanics engage students in real-time decision-making involving resource management, infrastructure planning, and environmental sustainability. …
Published in International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 10–17 Read article
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Intelligent Approaches to Functional Material Development
Abstract: By empowering systems to carry out tasks like decision-making and problem-solving that call for human-like intellect, artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing technology. A key enabler of this progress is functional materials, designed through materials engineering to meet the needs of high-performance technologies like semiconductors, sensors, and memory storage. These materials are vital in ensuring AI systems operate efficiently by providing the computational power, energy efficiency, and sensory capabilities required. The …
Published in International Journal of Energetic Materials · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 11–15 Read article
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Strategy and Simulation of Smart Prepaid-PostpaidElectricity Meter with Alarm and Anti-Theft Controller
Abstract: Prepaid electricity meters with electrical protection generally control internal electricity and external electricity theft as whole electricity. Internal electricity theft occurs after the electrical energy is captured by the meter, while external electricity theft occurs before the electrical power reaches the meter. The percentage of electricity revenue was lost due to electricity theft and mismanagement. However, most of these losses are due to electricity theft. Illegal electricity use must be …
Published in International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 12–23 Read article
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AI-Based Fraud Detection in Financial Transactions
Abstract: Financial fraud continues to pose a severe danger to individuals, businesses, and the global economy, necessitating the development of effective and innovative detection and prevention approaches. This research study examines the use of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to detect fraudulent conduct in financial transactions. This paper investigates the advancements, challenges, and courses of AI-based fraud detection in financial transactions through a thorough examination of the research, case studies, and practical …
Published in International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging Technologies · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Recent Techniques for Producing Biodiesel
Abstract: Development of society increases the demand of energy. Particularly in transportation sector the need of diesel fuel is increasing day by day and consequently there is a problem of environmental pollution, so there are severe challenges to human survival and development. Biodiesel provides one kind of sustainable solution to above problems. The supercritical process is one of the innovative methods used in the manufacturing of biodiesel. With this process, oils …
Published in International Journal of I.C. Engines and Gas Turbines · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 19–22 Read article
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Highway Condition Assessment System
Abstract: Roadside path holes convey a significant hazard to both pedestrians and drivers of motor vehicles. Road detection of damage is the responsibility of government agencies, which are made up of engineers and laborers. It is not practical to evaluate every section of the road efficiently by hand as it takes a long time and a large number of workers. The detection can be automated as a solution to this problem. …
Published in International Journal of I.C. Engines and Gas Turbines · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 21–30 Read article
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An Investigation into the Relationship between Mental Well-being and Decision-making Competency among Young Adults at Chitkara University, Punjab
Abstract: Mental well-being encompasses an individual’s holistic state of understanding their own adaptability and effectively navigating life’s challenges. It denotes the capacity to comprehend, regulate, and express emotions, as well as to maintain satisfying relationships and cope with the stresses of daily life. Decision-making competency (DMC), on the other hand, encapsulates an individual’s ability to take ownership of decision-making processes, ensuring timely and appropriate choices that align with personal values and …
Published in International Journal of Neurological Nursing · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 1–25 Read article
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COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF FIRE RESISTIVITY OF ROOFING MATERIALS IN KANO MARKETS IN NIGERIA
Abstract: Fire outbreaks in Nigerian markets is a problem that have been significantly rated very high especially in Kano State. To reduce this problem, a research was conducted on the three major markets in Kano with the aim of comparatively assessing the fire resistivity of their roofing materials, in order to generate guidelines for designing roofs of marketbuildings in Nigeria. The research focused on desktop study as the instrument for data …
Published in International Journal of Architectural Heritage · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 39–44 Read article
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Sustainable Building in India
Abstract: Sustainable building materials and technologies and building practices have evolved through ages. The subsequent points need attention relating to the building materials: energy consumed within the producing processes, issues of long distance transportation, natural resources and raw materials consumed, exercise and safe disposal, and impact on atmosphere. Therefore the problems associated with energy expenditure, recycling, environmental and sustainability with reference to future demand need to be addressed throughout the manufacture …
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 51–58 Read article
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Sludge as a Raw Material for Manufacturing of Bricks
Abstract: Dumping of sewage sludge is one of the leading problems of sewage treatment plant. Thus, productively using of sewage sludge for manufacturing of bricks can be a better option to minimize the sludge disposal problems as well as save natural resources required for manufacturing of conventional bricks. Our work focuses on the conversion of the sludge into a construction material and use as a raw material for bricks and also …
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 57–60 Read article
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Development of Bricks from Waste Material
Abstract: Concrete is the mostly used material all around the world, but there is lots of problems releted to it. As concrete after is life can be dismantled in waste, a large amount of waste of concrete is produced all over the world which have scrap value of zero, it gets totally wasted and of no us. After analysis about the problem, we come to a conclusion that this waste of …
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 29–35 Read article
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Transportation Management: Challenges and Opportunities
Abstract: One of the major challenges facing metropolises today is the problem of urban transportation. The lack of strategic planning for urban transport systems, in addition to duplicating joint ventures in community infrastructure, also causes inconsistency between these systems, and may create numerous problems in Connect subsystems to each other. One of the most important concerns of metropolitan management is transportation management, in this regard, the context of sustainable transport development …
Published in International Journal of Urban Design · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 40–51 Read article
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Evaluation of Optimum Space through Level of Service (LOS) in Bus Terminals
Abstract: In India, currently, there are no guidelines available for terminal design based on passenger characteristics. Since human comfort is a primary design consideration in architectural design planning, design standards for passengers must be based on a relative scale to provide the desired design environment anthropometrically. The need for this research is to help resolve the crowding problems faced by passengers due to lack of design guidelines and passenger movement & …
Published in International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 14–35 Read article
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INTELLIGENT ON-STREET PARKING SYSTEM AND GUIDELINES FOR COMMERCIAL AREAS IN PURASAIWAKKAM, CHENNAI
Abstract: Due to global urbanization, metropolitan cities are facing more major problems, especially with respect to parking management. Increase in population in metropolitan cities increases the use of private transportation. Due to increase in vehicular traffic, there is a constant imbalance between parking demand and parking supply. The traditional parking management system consumes a lot of time spent in looking for a parking space in a busy area. The parking problem …
Published in International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 30–35 Read article
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Causes of Fire Outbreaks at Onitsha Markets in Anambra State: Proffering Architectural and Other Safety Measures Against Their Repetitions in Nigeria
Abstract: Frequent fire outbreaks in market places in Nigeria, particularly in Anambra State is a problem that has been significantly rated high; they have caused injuries, loss of lives, goods and properties. To curtail this problem, a research was conducted on the three major markets in Onitsha in AnambraState with the aim of assessing the causes of fire in the markets, in order to proffer architectural and other safety measures against …
Published in International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 11–16 Read article
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Parking Infrastructure at Lashkar CBD: Understanding Demand and Supply Dynamics in Gwalior
Abstract: This study presents a comprehensive demand and supply analysis of Lashkar-Maharaj Bada. In Gwalior, a rapid increase in car and two-wheeler ownership creates a heavy burden on parking infrastructure and transport management. This research paper focuses on the existing parking infrastructure, parking characteristics, and demand forecasting of the study area. A mixed-methods approach has been carried out, including qualitative data collection through surveys and interviews and quantitative data collection through …
Published in International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 73–86 Read article