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213 articles for “PAC”
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Review on Processing of Milk and Milk Products
Abstract: Milk (Toned, Standard, Janta, and Special) in 200ml, 500ml, and 1 litre packs, butter, paneer, Mattha Lassi, Peda, and Dahi are currently produced (curd). At the Reception department, samples of the milk received from the societies are taken for quality control. The milk is weighed before being transported to the Processing Section for storage and refrigeration. The milk is diverted here for pasteurisation, milk packing, and the production of dairy …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 21–39 Read article
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Treatment of Petroleum Hydrocarbon: The Concept of Dissolved Oxygen and Iron Characteristics using Adsorbent and Temperature Effect
Abstract: The treatment of petroleum hydrocarbon was monitored by considering the characteristics of dissolved oxygen and iron concentration on the impact of temperature variation on the performance of the adsorbent used. The research revealed that increase in the potential performance of the adsorbent in petroleum hydrocarbon removal enhanced variation in the characteristics of the dissolved oxygen and iron content in the packed bed unit for the treatment of water medium contaminated …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Separation Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 13–19 Read article
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Case Studies On Synthesis Of PLLA Bioplastic Starting From Food And Agricultural Wastes
Abstract: Polylaevo Lactic Acid (PLLA) is an excellent biopolymer that is biodegradable and has characteristics exactly similar to polystyrene. However, at present, the market price of this biopolymer is significantly higher than polystyrene and other synthetic plastics. The major hindrances to the large scale manufacture of this polymer are the lack of availability of a cheap raw material and the overall economy of synthesis of lactic acid from the same. In …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 1–13 Read article
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An In-depth Exploration: Unveiling the Computational Resources Utilized in Cancer Research
Abstract: It is a major challenge leading to mass morbidity and mortality in cancer, despite the efforts and clinical trials in the past. Cancer is a very crucial field of research that directly concerns human life that requires early identification, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics. The resources and web servers play very important roles in cancer genomics and medical image analysis. Computational intelligence (is a set of computational methodologies involving design, application, …
Published in International Journal of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 10–20 Read article
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Review on Network Layer Attacks and Counter Measures in MANET
Abstract: A security is one of the major issues in the MANET. The major security goals for any network are confidentiality between the sender and receiver, authenticity in transmitting the packets through intermediate hops, integrity in packet transmitted i.e. the original data remain unaltered, network availability during link failure and non-repudiation, where sender or receiver cannot deny on the message sent or received. These security goals are not easily attained in …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 1–19 Read article
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A survey- Congestion Evasion in MANETs
Abstract: The paper addresses the RED active queue management technique used in most of the networks for managing the queue efficiently. Secondly it proposed a Gaussian (G-RED) and modified Gaussian function based RED (MG-RED) algorithm. It is presented that the Gaussian and modified Gaussian function based RED algorithm outperforms the traditional RED algorithm in terms of throughput, packet delivery fraction and number of packets dropped
Published in International Journal of Broadband Cellular Communication · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Performance Analysis of Wireless Mobile Ad Hoc Network with Different Antennas Using Rayleigh Fading
Abstract: In the context of ad hoc networks, use of directional antenna can largely reduce the radio interference, thereby improving the utilization of wireless medium and consequently the network throughput. Performance of ad hoc networks is low under omni-directional antenna systems compared to smart antenna system when Rayleigh fading model is used. Directional antennas cover large area and transmit large number of packets because it focuses in desired direction accordance with …
Published in International Journal of Broadband Cellular Communication · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 8–13 Read article
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Routing Algorithms
Abstract: The algorithmic steps involved in the Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm are as follows: Ant, Bee, GA, PSO, Ant-GA, Ant-PSO, Ant-Bee, GA-PSO, Bee-GA, Bee-PSO are the various optimization techniques used in packet delivery between networks. Routing is the process of transporting data from a source to a destination in a network. The simulation time and throughput determine the output of these algorithms. The experiments are carried out using the NS2 software …
Published in International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog Signals · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 8–16 Read article
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GRID Energy Balance Using V2G Network System
Abstract: In this work, a simulation process has been developed to evaluate the feasibility of compensating for the excess or shortage of energy in power generation. The simulation is based on the exchange of charge between the electrical network and a network of batteries that equip electric vehicles. The simulation process has taken as a reference study the evolution of energy generation and energy demand for a specific case in a …
Published in International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 14–34 Read article
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Comparative Analysis of Multi- Synchronous Bidirectional Network-on-Chip Architecture
Abstract: ABSTRACTA dynamic reconfigurable multi-synchronous bidirectional channel network on chip architecture is proposed to improve the performance of on chip communication. This work aims to increase network-on-chip (NOC) in the runtime traffic situation. The main objective of this paper is to reduce the area, delay and power consumption of the architecture. Lower packet delivery latency, higher packet consumption rate and better bandwidth utilization is done by the multi-synchronous bidirectional NoC’s router. …
Published in International Journal of Telecommunications & Emerging Technologies · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 21–31 Read article
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Enhancing Battery Management Systems: Innovations in State-of-Charge Estimation
Abstract: A Battery Management System (BMS) is crucial for managing the electronics of rechargeable batteries, ensuring their safe and efficient operation. This is particularly important for lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, which are preferred in electric vehicles and energy storage systems due to their high energy density, low self-discharge rates, long cycle life, and broad operating temperature ranges. The primary functions of a BMS include monitoring the state of charge (SOC), managing battery …
Published in International Journal of Energetic Materials · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 5–11 Read article
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Recycling Multilayer Materials: Discovering Mechanical Parameters for Engineering Applications
Abstract: Multilayer materials have been widely used in various applications such as packaging, electronics, and construction industries. However, the disposal of these materials is becoming a significant environmental concern due to their non-biodegradable nature. Therefore, the recycling of multilayer materials has become an essential aspect of sustainable waste management. The mechanical characteristics of materials recycled from multilayer products were examined in this study. The focus was on determining the impact of …
Published in International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 43–47 Read article
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Nanotechnology in E-Vehicle Batteries
Abstract: Vehicle electrification had also risen to prominence as a cornerstone of an automobile industry during the past two decades. A recent study appearing in the journal iScience provides indepth assessments and quantitative assessments from both traditional EV battery packs and the current generation of lithium-ion batteries. At the moment, electric vehicle batteries use lithiumIon(LI) technology. Existing examples almost always make use of LI batteries. Nanotechnology has the potential to help …
Published in International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 22–27 Read article
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A review on Identification of Block Feature Through Step
Abstract: One of the major challenges in the implementation of CIM, which is anticipatedto meet the needs of the present manufacturing industry in terms of completeautomation of its operations, is the combination of CAD package and CAM system viaCAPP. To achieve complete automation, product data created throughout the designand modelling process and saved in the database of CAD packages (systems) shouldflow directly to CAPP and from CAPP to CAM for seamless …
Published in International Journal of Computer Aided Manufacturing · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 15–20 Read article
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Nursing Challenges in Care of Patient with Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve-in-Ring Implantation with Infective Endocarditis
Abstract: Tricuspid regurgitation may not have symptoms or may have vague symptoms until it is severe.Untreated, severe tricuspid regurgitation may have poor prognosis. Pacemaker lead associatedInfective endocarditis is a serious complication of pacemaker lead implantation. Transcatheter heartvalve (THV) therapies provide hope to patients who have high risk for surgical valve replacement. Themode of treatment is chosen based on the nature of the disease, hemodynamic stability, severity of thedisease, organism causing infection. …
Published in International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Psychosomatic Stress Responses Perceived by Nurses: A Literature Review
Abstract: Background: The nurses working rotating day/evening/night shift experienced severe gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal symptoms, and reported an extended working day, more stressful working environmental risk factors, and additional strenuous work, which they were less able to control with their work pace as stressors. Aim: The aim of the literature review was to summarize the available literature on the main sources to determine the psychosomatic stress responses perceived by nurses. Method: A …
Published in International Journal of Neurological Nursing · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 122–125 Read article
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Knowledge and Attitude towards Mental Illness among Adolescents in Selected Schools Tumakuru
Abstract: Adolescents are at risk of developing mental illness due to rapid changes physical and mental development. They need appropriate guidance and support in building sound physical and mental health. Hence the investigator felt that, there is need to assess Knowledge and attitude towards mental illness among adolescents with view to develop information booklet on Prevention of mental illness. Settings and Design: A descriptive survey design was adopted for the present …
Published in International Journal of Neurological Nursing · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 18–21 Read article
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Sequential Extraction of Pectin and Cellulose from Orange Peel Waste: A Sustainable Waste-to-Valorization Approach
Abstract: Agricultural waste is a huge and underutilized resource of useful biomaterials that are best for sustainable use. The goal of the present study was to develop an integrated waste valorization approach, in which orange peel waste is valorized in the form of cellulose and pectin and their potential is assessed in combination with green synthesis of nanoparticles. Orange peel powder was treated with acid-assisted extraction to obtain pectin, and the …
Published in International Journal of Green Chemistry · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 19–29 Read article
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Eco-Friendly Starch-Iron-Oxide Nanoblends from Fruit Peel Waste – A Green Waste Valorization Approach
Abstract: Utilization of agricultural wastes for production of useful biomaterials has attracted a lot of interest due to their environmental and economic benefits. In the present study, green banana peels were used as bio sustainable raw materials from which starch was extracted, and pomegranate peels were used as an ecofriendly raw material for the green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles. The green banana peels were also found to be a potential …
Published in International Journal of Green Chemistry · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 29–39 Read article
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From Waste to Walls: A Comparative Study of Recycled Buildings in India
Abstract: As the construction sector across the world is compelled to rein in its environmental impact – currently, estimated at nearly 40% of global carbon emissions – the use of recycled materials is no longer a secondary aesthetic option but a structural imperative. This paper presents a comparative study of pioneering Indian architectural projects that assess the effectiveness of diverted waste streams in contemporary construction. Three iconic projects to be discussed …
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2026 Read article