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901 articles for “challenges.”
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Assessing the Implementation of Building Management Systems During the Operational Phase and Its Impact on Operational Costs
Abstract: This paper evaluates the impact of Building Management Systems (BMS) on operational costs, focusing on energy efficiency, maintenance, labor optimization, and ROI. The study, employing a mixed-methods approach, found that BMS significantly reduce energy consumption, with 80% of respondents reporting energy savings of 11–30%, primarily through optimized HVAC and lighting controls. Additionally, BMS improved maintenance efficiency, reducing unscheduled maintenance by up to 97% and cutting maintenance costs by up to …
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 25–38 Read article
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Digital Archives and Metadata Standards for Architectural Heritage: A Comparative Review
Abstract: Architectural heritage – including historic buildings, monuments, landscapes, and traditional urban fabric – constitutes a vital repository of cultural, aesthetic, and scientific values. Digital archiving such heritage is increasingly necessary for preservation, research, documentation, education, and public engagement. However, the effectiveness of digital archives depends vitally on the metadata standards used: the structure, semantics, interoperability, and preservation of metadata can enable or hinder access, reuse, long‐term sustainability, and meaningful comparisons …
Published in International Journal of Architectural Heritage · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 7–13 Read article
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Fusion Interiors: Blending Global Design Trends with Local Craftsmanship
Abstract: Fusion Interior Design represents a creative and dynamic approach to creating spaces that are both harmonious and functional by blending diverse design styles, cultural influences, and historical elements. Unlike conventional interiors that adhere to a single stylistic direction, fusion interiors celebrate eclecticism while maintaining balance and coherence. This study examines the principles, strategies, and impacts of fusion design within both residential and commercial contexts. Through an analysis of case studies …
Published in International Journal of Architectural Heritage · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 31–56 Read article
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Study of Recyclable Thermoset Polymers Using Dynamic Covalent Bonds
Abstract: Thermoset polymers are widely used in advanced engineering applications due to their excellent mechanical strength, thermal resistance, and chemical stability. However, their permanent three-dimensional cross-linked networks make them traditionally non-recyclable, contributing significantly to polymer waste and environmental challenges. In recent years, dynamic covalent chemistry (DCC) has emerged as a transformative approach for designing recyclable thermoset materials by incorporating reversible and exchangeable bonds within their structure. This project focuses on the …
Published in International Journal of Energetic Materials · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Deep Learning with CNNs: A Survey of Techniques and Real-World Applications
Abstract: Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have emerged one of the most powerfully used tools in deep learning, particularly in image and pattern recognition tasks. CNNs are being revolutionized through deep learning resulting in a dominant architecture in computer vision as well as other various domains. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of CNN-based deep learning, its methodologies, regularizations, and computational efficiencies. We also address the challenges and future directions of CNN. …
Published in International Journal of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–5 Read article
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A Review of Real-Time Human Detection
Abstract: The real-time human detection and counting system leverages deep learning and computer vision to detect individuals, classify gender, and estimate age from live video feeds or CCTV footage. Implemented using flask as a lightweight web framework, the system manages user authentication, detection control, and real-time result display. A Python-based detection script operates asynchronously, ensuring smooth execution, while results – including counts of males, females, and total individuals – are stored …
Published in International Journal of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 29–39 Read article
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Audio & Video Translate System
Abstract: With the increasing expansion of digital media and globalization, there is a rising need for sophisticated audio and video translation systems to overcome language and cultural barriers. This paper explores the role of these systems in localizing multimedia content, ensuring accessibility, and complying with global standards, including those focused on individuals with disabilities. The research aims to investigate how various translation technologies, such as dubbing, subtitling, and audio descriptions, contribute …
Published in International Journal of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 6–12 Read article
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Automated Image Captioning Using Xception–CNN and LSTM for Descriptive Sentence Generation
Abstract: Generating descriptive texts for images is a complex and challenging task that requires advanced deep learning techniques. This paper presents a descriptive sentence generator for images using a combination of convolutional neural networks and recurrent neural networks. The proposed model utilizes a pretrained convolutional neural network, Xception, to extract image features, which are then processed by a long short-term memory network to generate meaningful textual descriptions. The model is trained …
Published in International Journal of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 20–28 Read article
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Redefining Land Ownership: A Blockchain-Powered Framework for Transparent and Decentralized Land Record Governance
Abstract: Conventional land record management systems have long suffered from issues, such as inefficiency, data manipulation, corruption, and lack of transparency, which collectively hinder effective governance and erode public trust. This paper introduces a blockchain-based framework aimed at revolutionizing land record management by ensuring enhanced transparency, data security, and operational efficiency. The proposed system leverages the decentralized and immutable nature of blockchain technology to eliminate the need for intermediaries, thereby minimizing …
Published in International Journal of Software Computing and Testing · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 27–39 Read article
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Cloud Security Using Machine Learning: A Study
Abstract: The rapid adoption of cloud computing has revolutionized IT infrastructure, offering unprecedented scalability, flexibility, and cost efficiency. However, this paradigm shift introduces a new spectrum of sophisticated security challenges that traditional, signature-based security mechanisms often struggle to address effectively given the dynamic, multi-tenant, and distributed nature of cloud environments. This paper explores the critical role of Machine Learning (ML) as a potent paradigm for strengthening cloud infrastructure. ML emerges as …
Published in International Journal of Distributed Computing and Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 21–30 Read article
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Fog Computing Architecture and Deployment in IoT
Abstract: The relentless proliferation of Internet of Things maneuvers generates colossal volumes of data at the network edge, straining traditional cloud-centric paradigms with inherent limitations in latency, bandwidth, resilience, and privacy. This necessitates a paradigm shift towards distributed intelligence. Fog Computing arises as a pivotal architectural paradigm, extending computational, storage, and networking capabilities closer to the data source, thereby mitigating latency, reducing bandwidth consumption, and enhancing real-time processing capabilities for critical …
Published in International Journal of Distributed Computing and Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 31–39 Read article
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Economical ways to synthesize Nucleotides from Safe and Cheaper raw materials
Abstract: Cytosine is a fundamental nitrogenous base present in both DNA and RNA, playing a critical role inessential cellular processes such as replication, transcription, gene regulation, signal transduction, andDNA repair. Due to its central biological importance, the efficient and cost-effective synthesis of cytosinehas garnered significant interest across biochemical, pharmaceutical, and industrial sectors. However,most conventional synthetic methods rely on complex enzymatic transformations or require expensiveand structurally elaborate starting materials, thereby limiting their …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Economical ways to synthesize Nucleotides from Safe and Cheaper raw materials
Abstract: Cytosine is a fundamental nitrogenous base present in both DNA and RNA, playing a critical role inessential cellular processes such as replication, transcription, gene regulation, signal transduction, andDNA repair. Due to its central biological importance, the efficient and cost-effective synthesis of cytosinehas garnered significant interest across biochemical, pharmaceutical, and industrial sectors. However,most conventional synthetic methods rely on complex enzymatic transformations or require expensiveand structurally elaborate starting materials, thereby limiting their …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions Read article
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Promoting Sustainable Agricultural Practices to Mitigate Nitrate and Pesticide Contamination in Uttar Pradesh Groundwater
Abstract: Groundwater serves as an indispensable resource for human consumption, agriculture, and industry globally, holding particular significance in India, where it supports over 80% of irrigation in states like Uttar Pradesh. However, the intensification of agricultural practices, characterized by the indiscriminate application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, has led to widespread contamination of these vital aquifers. This paper undertakes a comprehensive examination of the prevalence, primary sources, and multifaceted impacts of …
Published in International Journal of Agrochemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–14 Read article
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Durability and Resilence of Hyperloop Infrastructure
Abstract: ABSTRACT: The Hyperloop is a revolutionary concept for high-speed ground transportation that involves passenger pods traveling through low-pressure tubes at near-supersonic speeds. Originally proposed by SpaceX in 2013, the concept aims to offer a cost-effective and faster alternative to conventional rail systems and short-haul air travel. This study addresses a critical component of the Hyperloop's success—structural durability. Key concerns include material fatigue due to repetitive high-speed movement, pressure fluctuations within …
Published in International Journal of Structural Mechanics and Finite Elements · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 16–25 Read article
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Digital Twin-Enabled Structural Health Monitoring Framework for Real-Time Damage Detection in Civil Infrastructure
Abstract: Abstract The paper discusses how Digital Twin-enabled Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) restyles civil infrastructure by finding damage in real time, decreasing costs, and increasing safety levels. As opposed to the traditional inspection methods, Digital Twins apply virtual models and sensors to observe structures, like bridges, dams, and buildings immediately, which reduces the repair costs by 30–50% and extends the project’s lifespan by 20–30%. This research studies four real-world projects, namely, …
Published in International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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A Review on Design and Analysis Model for Detectionand Classification of Lung Diseases Using Medical Images
Abstract: A key component of the human respiratory system, the lung regulates blood oxygen levels through gasexchange. Diseases linked to the lungs are becoming more common as pollution levels rise. In order topreserve human life, it is crucial to identify lung disorders early. In order to forecast lung disease, clinicalprofessionals analyze medical imaging, such as CT or X-rays. Clinicians identify lung disease by applyingtheir medical expertise and knowledge. Because expert knowledge …
Published in International Journal of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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SaaS Multi-Model Integration: A Comprehensive Student Companion
Abstract: The “SaaS Multi-Model Integration” paper addresses the challenges faced by students in accessing timely, personalized, and cost-effective academic assistance. Individual large language model chatbots excel in specific areas – academic reasoning, mathematical problem-solving, or general queries – but their fragmented nature forces students to subscribe to multiple services, leading to wasted time, money, and effort, particularly during urgent academic needs. This paper consolidates the strengths of widely used large language …
Published in International Journal of Software Computing and Testing · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 10–17 Read article
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A Study to Assess the Level of Anemia Among Under Five Children Admitted in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, Kuppam, Chittoor District, AP
Abstract: Background: Anemia, characterized by insufficient healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin, poses a significant global public health challenge, particularly affecting preschool-aged children. This condition can lead to tiredness, weakness, and shortness of breath, and in children, it adversely impacts mental, physical, and social development. Globally, a substantial proportion of preschool children suffer from anemia, with prevalence varying across regions. In India, anemia in children remains a major concern, with national …
Published in International Journal of Pediatric Nursing · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 20–25 Read article
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Grid Integrated Electric Vehicle Charging withSeamless Power Exchange
Abstract: Abstract— To soar new miles the global mobility sector is considered ready for decarbonization by adopting technologies to improve efficiency, cost effectiveness and charging flexibility. Integration of electric vehicles (EVs) in mobility sector demands charging infrastructure which shall be cost-effective, reliable and supports charging in effective manner. Existing grid face challenges during power exchange and also requires technological innovations in developing future EVs charging network. Future charging networks must be …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 Read article