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901 articles for “challenges.”
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Decentralization in Small Island Developing States: The Case of a Selected Atoll in the Maldives and Its Governance Challenges
Abstract: This qualitative case study examines the impact of decentralization on local governance in the selected atoll, focusing on the complex socio-economic and geographical context of Small Island Developing States (SIDS). The decentralization policy, aimed at empowering local councils and promoting grassroots democracy, is critically assessed through interviews with local stakeholders. Findings reveal that decentralization has not achieved its intended goals, as local councils remain hindered by financial constraints, political interference, …
Published in International Journal of Town Planning and Management · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 36–50 Read article
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Literature Review on Overcoming Graphene Dispersion Challenges in Ultra High Performance Concrete: A Review of Self-Dispersion and Bio-Polymer Encapsulation Strategies
Abstract: Abstract—Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) is a new generation of cement-based material because of its higher compressive and tensile strength, increased durability, and higher resistance to environmental degradation. However, UHPC undergoes microcracking when subjected to mechanical and thermal loading, which can jeopardize the long-term performance of the structure, decrease service life, and cause expensive maintenance. Traditional solutions to enhance UHPC durability are centered on material densification and fiber strengthening, while these treatments …
Published in International Journal of Concrete Technology · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 31–46 Read article
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Buried Rivers, Thirsty Island Belt: A Review of Water Challenges in the Great Rann of Kachchh
Abstract: The Great Rann of Kachchh (GRK) in Gujarat, India, is a hyper-saline environment where isolated island communities face acute water scarcity. This literature review synthesizes Scopus and Web of Science indexed research to evaluate an integrated geo-hydrological approach for sustainable water development. The analysis integrates geology, lithology, geomorphology, hydrogeology, and socio-economic dimensions including population distribution, livelihoods, and agriculture. Subsurface core analysis reveals marine transgression since ~18 ka BP, with fine-grained …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 19–26 Read article
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Machine Learning and Big Data in Smart Grid Renewable Energy Systems: Trends and Challenges
Abstract: This paper reviews eight research studies on smart grids and their role in mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which have become a critical concern worldwide. Renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydro produce minimal or no greenhouse gases and, unlike fossil fuels, are abundant, sustainable, and ensure a long-term energy supply. Large volumes of data have been produced by recent technical developments and thorough historical data collection. Efficient …
Published in International Journal of Power Electronics Controllers and Converters · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 21–26 Read article
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Comprehensive Composite Review: Insights, Challenges, and Future Trends
Abstract: A composite is a substance made up of two or more separate materials that have been blended or combined to create a new material with superior qualities. According to estimates from engineering materials research, there are more than 80,000 different kinds of materials in the world. It comprises both metallic and non-metallic materials, including semiconductors, ceramics, glasses, and plastics. Furthermore, various fields in which composites are used, including several industrial, …
Published in International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 10–17 Read article
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Unveiling the Potential of Tyre Pyrolysis Oil A Sustainable Solution for Energy and Environmental Challenges: A Mini Review
Abstract: Pyrolysis is a technology to recover energy from the end-of-life tyre or scrap tyres by converting into various useful products like tyre pyrolysis oil (TPO), pyro-gas and solid char or carbon sooth also known as raw recycled carbon black. Tyre pyro oil is a dark brown/black colored liquid and used as a fuel in compression ignition (CI) engines, industrial furnaces and power plants etc. The TPO like other fuels contains …
Published in International Journal of Green Chemistry · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Benefits and Challenges of Urbanization and Low Carbon Energy Needs in India
Abstract: Urbanization is increasing very rapidly in India chiefly due to various driving sources related to social, economic and political. It has offered improved quality of life, access to conveniences and economic opportunities for many. Though, this has been accompanied by contests that comprise inadequate energy, lack of urban infrastructure, and poor delivery of basic services, ensuing in undesirable environmental influences, congestion, and urban sprawl. Urbanization in India has placed incredible …
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Challenges of Basic Infrastructural Provision to Building Sustainable Peri-urban Communities in Jos Metropolis, Nigeria
Abstract: The desire of goal 11 of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is geared towards making cities inclusive, safe, resilience and sustainable. However, rapid urbanization of Jos metropolis has led to overflow of its population into peri-urban areas. These areas are swamped by low and medium income groups for housing developments resulting in spatial growth characterized by poor and lack of basic infrastructure that residents are forced to live without, thus, threatening …
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 40–50 Read article
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“Challenges in energy retrofitting of Buildings”
Abstract: With a 23% contribution to CO2 emissions, 17% to electricity consumption, and 16% to water use, the building sector has emerged as the largest energy user and greenhouse gas emitter. The majority of energy is consumed by existing structures, while the replacement rate of existing buildings by new-build is only approximately 1.0-3.0% per year, hence the main focus needs to be directed to the existing building stock in both developed …
Published in International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 10–16 Read article
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Glycerol Management: Challenges and Opportunities for Biodiesel Producers and Refiners
Abstract: During the last few years, concerns with availability and cost of conventional liquid fuels increased considerably. Considering the present scenario, bio-components are playing an important role in transportation fuels. One such bio-based fuel that is being widely commercialized is biodiesel. With the commercial production of biodiesel a glut of glycerol is going to be created as a byproduct; it will cause market prices to plummet which imbalance the economic viability …
Published in International Journal of Green Chemistry · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 1–14 Read article
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Laws of Thermodynamics Challenge Greenhouse-Gas and CLIMATE- change Hypotheses
Abstract: The greenhouse-gas hypothesis (GGH), i.e., CO2 is the cause of global warming by ~1K from ~1950-2023, is popularly believed to be established scientific truth. It is generally assumed that heat emissions from global fuel combustion are, by comparison, negligible. An application of the Hess-Gibbs 1st law of thermodynamics, however, shows that the enthalpy (H) output from yearly fossil fuel consumption is seven times greater than the H- increase of hypothetical …
Published in International journal of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 7–19 Read article
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Challenges in implementing an Opportunistic Adaptation approach in Bangkok
Abstract: The 2011 floods should have been a wake-up call for Bangkok, yet the question is what the situation is now, eight years later. Did this disaster cause a change in our attitude to climate change or not? Opportunistic adaptation (OA) is a tool used in urban planning, designed to help stakeholders share a common vision of what/when/where can happen in the future, given uncertain conditions like, e.g., climate change. The …
Published in International Journal of Water Resources Engineering · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 28–45 Read article
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System Infringement Challenges in Smart Cities
Abstract: We can increase the urban service use, improve sustainability and minimize environmental harm so that the idea of green infrastructure aims to improve the living standard of the citizens. Cybersecurity is the key issue facing smart cities. To store, process and transmit data we can use data protection, as well as the software infrastructure, all topics covered by cybersecurity. Internet of things (IoT) and internet of everything (IoE) are used …
Published in International Journal of Software Computing and Testing · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 7–12 Read article
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Near Field Communication (NFC): A Review on Application and Challenges
Abstract: A set of wireless communication protocols known as near-field communication (NFC) allows two electronic gadgets to communicate with one another at little more than 4 cm (1.57 in). NFC, with a simple configuration, provides a low-speed connection that can be utilized to establish stronger wireless networks. Like other "proximity card" technologies, NFC operates through inductive coupling between two "antennas" found on NFC-enabled devices, such as a printer and a smartphone. …
Published in International Journal of Broadband Cellular Communication · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 6–10 Read article
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Novel Integrated, Distributed Generation Approach with Renewable Energy Interface with HVDC, A Key Solution To The Future Challenges
Abstract: The recent development in the integrated energy generation as well the distributed generation with the offshore wind farms provides good solution and an experienced significant growth to meet the load demand in recent years. Technical knowledge allow the design of wind farms at higher distances, making the high voltage dc (HVDC) transmission a real alternative to current high voltage ac (HVAC) transmission. When the network is decoupled from the wind …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2015 · pp. 17–23 Read article
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Challenges and Requirements in Internet of Things
Abstract: The Internet of Things (IoT) serves as a technical tool for experts by transforming physical resources into smart entities using existing network infrastructures. Its main goal is to provide intelligent and seamless services to users without any downtime. The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm aims to create an advanced data system by combining sensor data collecting with efficient data processing, networking, machine learning, artificial intelligence, big data, and clouds are …
Published in International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging Technologies · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 6–11 Read article
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Analyzing Crowds with Deep Learning: A Review of Methods and Challenges
Abstract: With the growing population, the need for an effective crowd management tool emerged. It is important to monitor and analyze unusual crowd movements and behavior for many applications such as peaceful events, protests, gatherings, or traffic management. Current systems, such as video surveillance, are a useful technique for crowd monitoring, but they require human visual capabilities to monitor the crowd. This work is a paper on Crowd Analysis using convolution …
Published in International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging Technologies · Vol. 9, Issue 2, 2023 · pp. 30–42 Read article
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Solar Energy in Rajasthan -Recent Developments and Challenges
Abstract: Rajasthan has a vast renewable energy resources, and it has one of the largest programs in the world for deploying renewable energy based products and systems. Renewable energy is a sustainable and clean source of energy derived from nature. These innovations have for quite some time been perceived as an essential part of the answer for address energy security concerns and guarantee financial development in a domain benevolent way. Deregulation …
Published in International Journal of Power Electronics Controllers and Converters · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 37–47 Read article
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Top Ten Challenges—Heart Failure
Abstract: The definition of chronic heart failure (CHF) remains contentious, but has been described as left ventricular dysfunction with symptoms. Heart failure is not a diagnosis, but a complex of symptoms with evidence of ventricular disease and a specific etiology should be established. CHF requires life-long treatment and need a multidisciplinary approach. A structured system of care improves outcomes and quality of life. The management of CHF itself has improved in …
Published in International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 22–28 Read article
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A Study to Assess the Awareness of Mothers of School Age Children on Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse – A Parenting Challenge
Abstract: A non-experimental research study was adopted to identify the Awareness of Mothers of school age children on Child Sexual Abuse. In India, an estimated 679,000 children are victims of abuse and neglect as per the recent statistics. Mothers who satisfied the inclusion criteria were selected by convenience sampling technique and provided with questionnaire on Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding Child sexual abuse. A teaching using power point presentation and then …
Published in International journal of Nursing Science Practice and Research · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 1–5 Read article