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90 articles for “copper”
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A Loop-based Microstrip Dipole Antenna for Operations at 1 GHz
Abstract: This paper proposes, designs, simulates, and analyses a novel microstrip dipole antenna design consisting of two identical loops for operations for a bandwidth centering around 1 GHz (namely the 0.5 GHz to 1.5 GHz bandwidth). This proposed design consisted of FR-4 being used as a substrate of a thickness of 1.6 mm and pure copper layers of 0.1 mm in height. It should be noted that this antenna design consisted …
Published in International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2021 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Printed Circuit Board (PCB) Design Techniques
Abstract: PCB stands for Printed Circuit Board which is a very essential part of electronic equipment. It serves as the foundation for many internal computer components. A large portion of these parts are little in size. It is near difficult to associate these segments together with wires without the guide of printed circuit sheets. It has large number of active and passive components embedded into it. On a Printed circuit board, …
Published in International Journal of Telecommunications & Emerging Technologies · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 33–40 Read article
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Role and Application of Aluminum Alloys
Abstract: Alloy wheels are wheels that are made from an alloy of aluminum or magnesium. Alloys are mixtures of metal and other elements. They generally provide greater strength over pure metals, which are usually much softer and more ductile. Aircraft manufacturers use high-strength alloys (principally alloy 7075) to strengthen aluminum aircraft structures. Aluminum alloy 7075 has Copper (1.6 %), Magnesium (2.5 %) and zinc (5.6 %) added for ultimate strength, but …
Published in International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 17–24 Read article
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Propeller Shaft Energy Recovery: A Pathway to Sustainable Power Generation
Abstract: A vehicle, such as a large truck, can produce electricity for powering a hybrid engine or recharging batteries by using an electricity-generating driveshaft. The driveshaft that generates electricity is composed of coils of copper wire that wrap around the magnetised driveshaft, which acts as the rotor of a generator for electricity. The magnetised driveshaft rotates as the hybrid car moves, producing an electrical field that copper wire coils catch and …
Published in International Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 31–35 Read article
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Women’s Knowledge and Attitude toward Contraceptive Methods
Abstract: Introduction: Contraception empowers women by giving them reproductive control. By deferring pregnancy, a woman can restore opportunities for education, employment, and social and political advancement. Objective: This study was carried out to assess the knowledge and attitude of married women toward contraceptive methods. Methods: A descriptive survey design was adopted to assess the knowledge and attitude of married women toward contraceptive methods. A sample of 622 married women was selected, …
Published in International Journal of Obstetrics, Perinatal and Neonatal Nursing · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 40–44 Read article
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Advanced Magnesium-Based Metallic GlassComposites for Biomedical Implant Applications: AMachine-Learning-Informed Approach
Abstract: Magnesium-based bulk metallic glasses (Mg-BMGs) combine strength, low density, and tunable degradability. Their amorphous matrix has a small plastic process zone. This zone is only about 4 μm wide. A small process zone keeps most glasses brittle. Adding a second phase is the best fix. This chapter extends Mg-BMGs to true composites. We call these Mg-based bulk metallic glass composites, or Mg- BMGCs. The chapter covers matrix engineering and interfacial …
Published in International Journal of Composite Materials and Matrices · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 48–65 Read article
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Planar-to-Rotary G-code Transformation Via Post-Processing for Discrete 4-Axis Machining
Abstract: Conventional 4-axis CNC machining remains inaccessible to many due to the high costs of industrial hardware and the complexity of firmware modifications for entry-level controllers. This paper presents a software-defined framework that enables Planar-to-Rotary G-code Transformation, allowing standard 3-axis CNC systems to perform discrete 4-axis machining without hardware retrofits or firmware changes. The core of the proposed method is a custom Python-based post-processor that maps Cartesian XZ toolpaths onto a …
Published in International Journal of Computer Aided Manufacturing · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 50–66 Read article
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A Study on Stress Analysis of Aluminum Alloy Solidified in Metallic Molds
Abstract: Abstract The casting technique is regarded as the primary manufacturing process. It has several process parameters that affect the cast structure. Mold geometry is considered one of the most important metal parameters to cast. In the current work, the influence of mold geometries on mechanical properties (deformation and stress concentration) of liquid Aluminum alloy solidified in the steel mold is assessed using ANSYS simulation software. Molds were subject to a …
Published in International Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 10–15 Read article
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Nanoparticles for Broiler Nutrition: Enhancing Growth, Feed Efficiency, Health, and Welfare of the Broiler Chicken
Abstract: Nanotechnology offers transformative potential for broiler nutrition by enabling enhanced nutrient delivery, efficiency, and health outcomes in poultry production. This review explores the applications, mechanisms, and impacts of incorporating nanoparticles, such as nano-minerals (e.g., zinc, selenium, and copper), nano-encapsulated bioactives, and other functional nano-additives, into broiler diets. Nanoparticles, owing to their increased surface area and enhanced bioavailability, have shown promise in improving nutrient absorption, promoting immune function, and supporting overall …
Published in International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 32–43 Read article
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Modeling the Behavior of Metal Corrosion in Aquatic Environments at Varying Depth
Abstract: The failures of engineering structures situated in the aquatic environment caused by corrosion cannot be over-emphasized. This research work addressed the effects of depths, heavy metals, microbial activities, and physiochemical properties of the water body on the corrosion of submerged metal structures in the water body (the water body is assumed flowing). Model techniques were applied to evaluate the relationship between diffusion and weight loss, as well as velocity and …
Published in International Journal of Metallurgy and Alloys · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Optimizing Dyeing Processes for Nylon: A Study onUltrasonic and Natural Dye Application
Abstract: This study focuses on the application of natural dyes, specifically those derived from onion (Allium cepa) extracts, for dyeing nylon fabric, while assessing the impact of different mordants, including potassium dichromate, copper sulfate, and alum. The research explores the effectiveness of High Temperature High Pressure dyeing techniques to enhance dye uptake and color fastness. Natural dyes, traditionally viewed as less effective than synthetic counterparts, are being reevaluated for their eco-friendly …
Published in International Journal of Green Chemistry · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 9–15 Read article
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Dry Season Impact on Water Quality of Nworie River, Owerri, Nigeria
Abstract: This study assessed the physicochemical properties and heavy metal contamination of Nworie River during the dry season. Fifteen composite water samples were collected from strategic points along the river. In-situ measurements of pH, temperature, and electrical conductivity were undertaken, while laboratory analyses determined heavy metal concentrations. Pollution Load Index and Contamination Factor were employed to evaluate the overall water quality and contamination levels. Results indicated moderate to high levels of …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 40–49 Read article
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Analyzing Atmospheric Particulate Matter in PortHarcourt and Omoku, Nigeria, Using Artificial NeuralNetworks and Fuzzy Logic
Abstract: Port Harcourt and Omoku, two densely populated towns in Rivers State, Nigeria, are hubs of industrial, commercial, and residential activities, characterized by the presence of oil and gas industries, educational institutions, large markets, and, in the case of Omoku, access to free electric power supply. These activities contribute to environmental degradation through industrial effluents, domestic waste, automobile emissions, gas flaring, and biomass burning, which release aerosols that form harmful particulates …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 16–52 Read article
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Fungal-Mediated Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Fusarium Oxysporum and Their Antimicrobial Evaluation
Abstract: Nanotechnology has shown significant antimicrobial properties in the form of metal nanoparticles like silver, copper, and zinc. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are biosynthesized from the fungus Fusarium oxysporum, isolated from infected ginger, which has antibacterial and antifungal properties. The synthesized AgNPs are reddish brown and have a maximum absorbance of 451 nm. The functional groups of AgNPs are investigated using FTIR analysis. SEM-EDX Shows Shape of Particle Spherical-Rod, Size from 6.13 …
Published in International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–11 Read article
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Physico-Chemical Analysis of Oji-River in Enugu State,Nigeria to Ascertain its Pollution Level
Abstract: Physico-chemical investigations were carried out on Oji-river using standard methods to ascertain thelevel and sources of pollution. The distribution of pollutants due to anthropogenic activities wasreported. Evaluation revealed the mean range values of the following parameters; pH, 5.98 – 6.15,turbidity, 2.10 – 7.90 NTU, total suspended solid (TSS), 0.70 – 5.40 mgL-1, total dissolved solid (TDS),18.20 – 49.60 mgL-1, electrical conductivity (EC), 39.60 – 107.90 µScm-1, alkalinity, 20.0 – 34.0 …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Processing · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 1–12 Read article
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Doping and Its Impacts on the Properties of ZnO Nanocrystals: A Brief Review
Abstract: Research on zinc oxide (ZnO) has surged in recent years due to its extensive range of applications because its unique physical and chemical properties make it ideal for various uses, including acoustic devices, photocatalysis, pharmaceuticals, light-emitting diodes, solar cells and antibacterial agents. ZnO nanoparticles are particularly notable for their biocompatibility, low toxicity and stability, making them suitable for drug delivery and antiviral applications. The versatility of ZnO has led to …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 8–25 Read article
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Electronic Waste: A Critical Non-Renewable Pollutant
Abstract: E-waste is an indirect and unexpected waste that affects people, animals and the environment through contamination of air, soil and water. The distribution and long-term storage of electronic waste can have serious impacts on environmental resources. India is the largest energy consumers and are also responsible for the increase in energy and energy waste. Therefore, this article focuses on a detailed description of e-waste management in India, including the recycling …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 29–42 Read article
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Electroforming Technology for Advanced Metal Fabrication
Abstract: Electroforming technology is a highly specialized process for fabricating a metal part by electro deposition in a plating bath over a base form or mandrel which is subsequently removed. On a mandrel, also known as a mold or matrix, which is removed, metal is electrodeposited. As a result, the coating turns into the product. Intricate parts made of nickel, copper, gold, and silver, such as molds, dies, waveguides, nozzles, and …
Published in International Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 Read article
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In Vitro Evaluation of Bioremediation Capacity of a Commercial Probiotic, Bacillus clausii, for Chromium (VI) and Lead (II) Toxicity
Abstract: Heavy metals cause disastrous effects on any living organisms. Probiotics have the ability to reduce metal toxicity. Commercial probiotics having bioremediation capacity can use these bacteria as an alternative to conventional remediation methods. The bioaccumulation of heavy metals including chromium (VI) (Cr [VI]) and lead (II) (Pb [II]) causes fatal toxicity in humans. Some naturally occurring bacterial species, such as Bacillus and Pseudomonas, contribute their role in bioremediation of these …
Published in International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and Biomaterials · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 1–16 Read article
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Tuning Superconductivity in ABO3 Type Multiferroic Nanocrystals
Abstract: We present a suitable ways for tuning superconductivity in type multiferroics nanocrystals. It is seen that as a smart materials, multiferroics nanocrystals present distinguishing properties including ferroelectricity, piezoelectricity, ferrotoroids, magneto electrics and ferromagnetism. The reasons for the existence of multiferroicity are interactions of photons with these analytic molecules, electron doping and crispr, which adds or alters the electronic, optical and magnetic properties dramatically. It is clarified that the existence of …
Published in International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and Biomaterials · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 5–17 Read article