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865 articles for “comparative study”
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A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Local Cold Application Prior to Intramuscular Injection for Reducing Needle Stick Pain among the Patients in Selected Hospitals at Amritsar
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Pain is highly unpleasant and very personal sensation. It is not just a physical feeling. It affects on one’s attitude and personality. The world is full of unexplained pain, has many possible causes. All persons either Infants or adults have pain during their life time from different reasons, it may be due to any injury or any infection. For the treatment of said causes they needs medical attention but …
Published in International Journal of Nursing Critical Care · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 48–54 Read article
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Preservation to Continuity:Reconsidering Heritage Management Paradigms
Abstract: Conventional heritage management frameworks largely treat heritage as a finite collection of monuments and protected sites, prioritizing material conservation over cultural continuity. In rapidly transforming socio-urban contexts, such approaches often fail to address the dynamic relationships between heritage, lived cultural practices, and collective memory. The primary objective of this study is to develop a holistic heritage management framework that integrates tangible and intangible heritage through participatory governance and adaptive policy …
Published in International Journal of Landscape Planning and Architecture · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Finite Element Modeling of RC Beam Column Sub-assemblages Subjected to Column Loss Scenario
Abstract: Progressive collapse is a situation where a failure of whole or large part of a structure occurs that has been initiated by failure of a relatively small part of the structure such as failure of any primary structural element. When a vertical load carrying element, typically a column is lost, the loads that are supposed to pass through lost column need to be safely transferred to the adjacent elements to …
Published in International Journal of Structural Engineering and Analysis · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 1–20 Read article
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Comparison of predictive ability of stroke-associated pneumonia risk scores in acute hemorrhagic stroke
Abstract: Objective: To determine the best scoring system among 5 scores (Pneumonia score, PANTHERIS, ISAN score, A2DS2, ACDD4) for prediction of pneumonia after acute haemorrhagic stroke in Stroke Centre. Subjects and Methods: We carried out retrospective study of 508 patients with acute haemorrhagic stroke admitted to Department of Neurology of Pyongyang medical university from January 1, 2018 to August 1, 2022. Demographic and clinical traits of patients were collected and analysed. …
Published in International Journal of Nursing Critical Care · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 12–19 Read article
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Utilizing Bakelite Waste as Partial Replacement for Coarse Aggregate in Concrete: A Sustainable Approach
Abstract: Abstract This research study investigates the innovative use of Bakelite waste as a partial substitute for coarse aggregate in concrete, focusing on its effects on various mechanical properties and overall performance of the concrete mix. With the growing concern over waste management and environmental sustainability, the incorporation of non-biodegradable materials, such as Bakelite, into construction practices offers a dual benefit: reducing the volume of waste destined for landfills while simultaneously …
Published in International Journal of Concrete Technology · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 23–28 Read article
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Elemental Profiling of Inkjet Printer Inks Extracted from Printed Documents Using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry
Abstract: Various methodologies have been used for the comparison and identification of source of printed documents. Although little work has been reported for the identification of a printed document on the basis of elements present in the ink of that document, due to the increased use of coloured printing inks, the current study is focused on the elemental profiling of coloured printer inks. This study provides a successful methodology for the …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 23–32 Read article
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Synthesis, characterization, antibacterial activity and in-vitro cytotoxicity of Dy and Fe doped hydroxyapatite nanomaterials
Abstract: Dy- and Fe-doped hydroxyapatite (HAp) was synthesized by the facile aqueous precipitation method. The samples were characterized by using powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. In this work, the antibacterial activities of Dy- and Fe-doped HAp were tested against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas putida) bacteria by agar diffusion test. It was found that Dy(5)-and Fe(5)-doped HAp …
Published in International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 46–54 Read article
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Comparison and Analysis of Seismic Behavior of Multistoried RCC Building with Friction Dampers and Fluid Viscous Dampers
Abstract: This paper deals with effect of position and number of friction dampers on response of 2D frame. To fulfill this objective, five bay and fifteen story 2D frame is analyzed using software ETABS-2017. The study is carried out using two, three and four number of friction dampers with different locations keeping slip load and stiffness constant. As the behavior of friction damper is elasto-plastic, the Nonlinear time history analysis of …
Published in International Journal of Structural Engineering and Analysis · Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2022 · pp. 34–39 Read article
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Predicting the TPH Concentration along Horizontal Direction of Stagnated Water Contaminated with Crude Oil
Abstract: The research predicts and models TPH concentration along Horizontal Direction of Stagnated water contaminated with Crude Oil. TPH diffusion in the stagnant water media was studied using Developed Dispersion and Degradation Model incorporated with first order degradation rate and the Monod equation. TPH content decreased with increase in time, but randomly varied across the depths. The impact of crude oil was more in the fresh water compared to salt water …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Separation Technology · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 12–22 Read article
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PUBLIC SPACES IN URBAN INDIA
Abstract: Cities in history have always been remembered for their public spaces, be it the Roman Forum, the Greek Agora or the ‘Ghats’ of Banaras. Identity and experience of any city are formed by the public spaces within it; in Indian context, the same is evident in the traditional markets of Jaipur, in famous food streets of Indore or in the cultural spectacle of ‘Ganesh Visarjan’ on streets of Mumbai. Public …
Published in International Journal of Urban Design · Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 49–56 Read article
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Hybrid Hydroponic System: A Sustainable Technology on Facade for Grey Water Recycling for High Rise Buildings
Abstract: Water, the need of life, is a renewable resource covering two-thirds of our planet. However, a very small proportion is effectively available for human use. It is likely to pose the greatest challenge due to the increased demand with population rise, economic development and shrinking supplies due to over-exploitation and pollution. Grey water reuse is a sustainable and attractive option to cope with global water shortages, which can save 40-70% …
Published in International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning · Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017 · pp. 20–29 Read article
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GC-MS Analysis of Bio-Active Compounds of Carica papaya L. Male Flower
Abstract: This study was aimed at the elucidation of the bioactive compounds present in methanol extracts of Carica papaya L. The GC-MS mass spectra of the identified compounds were compared with those of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) database library. The results confirmed the presence of 32 compounds including 10-Heptadecen-8-ynoic acid, methyl ester, (E)-, 3,6-Octadecadiynoic acid, methyl ester, 7-epi-cis-sesquisabinene hydrate, Methyl 5-cyclopropyl-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazole-3carboxylate, á-copaene, Tetradecanoic acid, Tridecanoic acid, Pentadecanoic …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Separation Technology · Vol. 6, Issue 1, 2020 · pp. 23–34 Read article
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Studying the Effect of Crumb Rubber Inclusion in the Mix Design Properties of HMA Pavement: A Case Study of Light Traffic
Abstract: Improving the performance of flexible road pavement has been one of the major concerns in highway engineering; these are due to the twin problems of temperature and oxidation that were observed to impede its performance during use. One the fundamental aim of this study is to explore the techniques of crumb rubber inclusion (in 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%), these severs as modifier to the mix design properties …
Published in International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Traffic System · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 26–32 Read article
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Microcontroller Based Security System for Shop
Abstract: Security system for shop should be fixed on the inner side of the shutter in the bottom. It is a safety device developed after intensive research and studying the flaws and pain-points of all types of shutters available in the market. Though coming to the main point, our device will be more secure as compared to other devices available in market in multiple manners like we can develop more security …
Published in International Journal of Microelectronics and Digital integrated circuits · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 9–15 Read article
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A Pre- Experimental Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Partograph in Terms of Knowledge Among the GNM Intern Students at Selected Colleges of Nursing, Jalandhar, Punjab
Abstract: The present study was conducted toassess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on partograph in terms of knowledge among The General Nursing and Midwifery (GNM) intern students at the selected colleges of nursing at Jalandhar, Punjab. The objective of the study is to assess the pre-test knowledge regarding partograph among GNM intern students, to assess the post-test knowledge regarding partograph among GNM intern students, to compare the pre-test and post-test …
Published in International journal of Nursing Science Practice and Research · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 44–74 Read article
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Comparative Static Analysis of Flat Slab Without Periphery of Beam Provided Infill and Shear Wall Panel at Different Storey
Abstract: In this paper, increased awareness for the need to evaluate and improve the seismic performance of flat slab without periphery of beam. There are several numbers of factors affecting the behavior of building. Stiffness irregularity in vertical direction is one of them, and as a result of which soft storey is formed. In the this paper work a parametric study is performed on flat slab without periphery beam with infill …
Published in International Journal of Structural Engineering and Analysis · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 37–44 Read article
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Data-Driven Multiscale Design of Nanostructured Composite Materials for Sustainable Engineering Applications.
Abstract: The increasing demand for high-performance, lightweight, and environmentally sustainable materials has accelerated the advancement of nanostructured composite systems in modern engineering. This study develops a comprehensive data-driven framework for the multiscale design and optimization of nanostructured composite materials, with emphasis on the interaction between structure–property relationships across nano-, micro-, and macro-scales. By integrating hybridization strategies with intelligent manufacturing techniques—such as machine learning-assisted modeling and additive fabrication—the research addresses critical limitations …
Published in International Journal of Composite and Constituent Materials · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 48–58 Read article
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The Biomechanical Impact of Slipper Sole Compliance on Lumbar Spine Load: A Quantitative Analysis of Indoor Footwear Ergonomics
Abstract: Abstract The global shift toward remote work has significantly increased the duration of indoor footwear usage, yet the ergonomic standards for slippers remain critically under-researched compared to athletic or industrial footwear. While "high-compliance" or soft slippers are traditionally marketed for immediate comfort, excessive mechanical softness may lead to foot instability, altered gait kinetics, and subsequent compensatory stress on the lumbar spine. This study aims to quantify the correlation between varying …
Published in International Journal of Mechanics and Design · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 30–35 Read article
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Psychological Impacts of Built Environments in Varied Office Types: A Survey–Literature Comparative Analysis
Abstract: Modern workplaces are no longer just places to sit and work – they are environments that shape how people think, feel, and perform every single day. A well-designed office can energize, calm, or motivate its users, while a poorly designed one can quietly drain their focus and well-being. This study examines how lighting, ventilation, acoustics, privacy, greenery, and spatial layout influence the psychological experience of office users. Insights from 20 …
Published in International Journal of Landscape Planning and Architecture · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 52–61 Read article
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CAE Analysis and Material Selection for Chassis of 4-Wheel Efficycle
Abstract: ABSTRACT This paper presents a comprehensive Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) analysis and material selection study for the chassis of a four-wheel Efficycle — a hybrid human-electric powered vehicle designed for student competitions and sustainable mobility applications. The objective of the study is to evaluate the structural integrity, stiffness, and crashworthiness of the chassis under various loading scenarios including front impact, side impact, rollover, and torsional loads. Using CAD models developed in …
Published in International Journal of Computer Aided Manufacturing · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 9–18 Read article