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40 articles for “thin film”
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Corrosion and Corrosion Protection of Carbon Steel
Abstract: Carbon steel is a very important metal for petroleum industries. Petroleum refineries are used bulk amount of carbon steel for purification of crude oil. Some amount of carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide present in crude oil. Both gases are acidic in nature so they generate hostile medium for metal. These gases convert into carbonic and sulphuric acid and develop electrochemical cell on the surface of metal and aggravate corrosion reaction. …
Published in International Journal of Energetic Materials · Vol. 9, Issue 1, 2023 · pp. 28–35 Read article
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Basic Fundamentals of Different Solar Cells, Solar Energy Materials and Photovoltaic Performances
Abstract: Solar cell is one of the thrust areas of modern technology in the field of renewable energy. Crystalline semiconductor wafer based solar cells (SCs) (thicknesses almost 200–300 μm) mainly crystalline-Si or GaAs based solar cells are playing the legend role in last few decades. With technological revolution, thin film SCs (thickness range 1–2 μm), dye-sensitized or Graetzel, organic/polymer and plasmonic solar cell respectively are known as 2nd,3rd, 4th and 5th …
Published in International Journal of Energetic Materials · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Effect Of Capping Agents And Annealing On The Optical Properties Of (Cd0.8-Zn0.2)S And (Cd0.8-Zn0.2)S:Eu Films Prepared By CBD Technique
Abstract: Thin films of (Cd0.8-Zn0.2)S and (Cd0.8-Zn0.2)S:Eu are prepared by Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) technique on glass substrates at 60ºC temperature by adding Mercaptoethanol and Methanol as capping agents(CA). The films were annealed at 400°C for two minutes and their optical properties were studied. The effect of the presence of capping agents and annealing was investigated. The optical constants such as refractive index, extinction coefficient, optical and electrical conductivity, real and …
Published in International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Developments of Photonic Ferroelectric Ceramic Compose
Abstract: This article is a study of imposed interposed crystal allotropic modification underexposure of electricity. Ferroelectric photonic ceramic powder and films are usual studied in preparation from adoptive transduction in the same crystal based on electrical gradient. Ferroelectric ceramics and thin films used to be processed by the sol-gel method, where empirical variables of interest have been their chemical composition, constituent phases, and microstructure. Functional attributes made metal oxide compose like …
Published in International Journal of Composite Materials and Matrices · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 37–44 Read article
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Preparation of Conducting Polyaniline Film for OLED Application
Abstract: Polyaniline is a conducting polymer of the semi-flexible rod polymer family, this polymer captured the intense attention of the scientific community due to the rediscovery of high electrical conductivity. In present work we have prepared the polyaniline with the chemical method and done various characterization UV – vis, FTIR, and SEM. Thin film of polyaniline is prepared with the help of spin coater and determine the I-V characteristics and also …
Published in International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 27–35 Read article
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A Review on Modified TiO2 Nanostructured Materials in DSSC
Abstract: Dye sensitized solar cells DSSCs emerged as a new class of low cost energy conversion devices with simple manufacturing procedures and environmentally friendly character.TiO2 controls the light harvesting and confinement properties of the cell, in addition to preventing charge recombination and promoting charge transport toward the anode. These last two parameters are major factors in determining the charge collection efficiency. The particle size and shape, crystallinity, surface morphology and chemistry …
Published in International Journal of Energetic Materials · Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2015 · pp. 10–21 Read article
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Advances in the Synthesis and Functional Applications of Crystalline Materials
Abstract: Crystalline materials represent one of the most important classes of advanced materials in modern science and engineering due to their highly ordered atomic arrangements and outstanding physical, chemical, electrical, optical, thermal, and mechanical properties. The periodic organization of atoms within crystal lattices provides exceptional opportunities for controlling and optimizing material performance through advanced synthesis strategies, crystal growth techniques, compositional modification, and defect engineering. Recent progress in materials science has enabled …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Synthesis and Chemical Reactions · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Development of an Automated Load-Controlled Thermopower Measurement Technique for Thermoelectric Materials
Abstract: The Seebeck coefficient, or thermoelectric power, is crucial. In order to deliver accurate readings over a wide temperature range, a load-based, high-precision thermoelectric power (TEP) measurement device has been designed, constructed, and experimentally validated in this study. The system is based on a differential DC approach and replaces conventional spring-based contact mechanisms with a shifting mechanical load to avoid errors caused by spring contraction, thermal cycling, and contact instability at …
Published in International Journal of Mechanics and Design · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 7–18 Read article
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Recent Advances in Solar Photovoltaic Technologies: Efficiency, Sustainability, and Market Trends
Abstract: A way to meet the growing demand for electricity worldwide while tackling environmental issues is through solar photovoltaic (PV) technology. Solar PV is a renewable energy source that provides a sustainable substitute for fossil fuels, aiding in the global endeavor to reduce carbon emissions. Recent developments in technology have greatly increased photovoltaic systems' scalability, cost, and efficiency, increasing their viability for broad use. The most recent advancements in photovoltaic materials, …
Published in International Journal of Renewable Energy and its Commercialization · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 Read article
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Garnet Intermetallic Compound to Memory Achievement
Abstract: This article subtended optimism to infer as of inter-bond speciation as from varying degrees of crystalarticulated formation to the horizon in the photonix arena. Colourless synthetic cubic crystal hasconfigurable mechanical, thermal and electro-optical properties. Gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG,Gd3Ga5O12) has crystal identity to allocate magnetic Gd ions on two interpenetrated corners of cubiccrystal analogy. Sublattice share of triangular geometry among Gd ions bear magnet isotropy tosubject sharp response devoid of dipole …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 8–16 Read article
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Effect of Polystyrene Nanoparticles from Recycled Waste Material on the Properties of Asphalt
Abstract: There is growing concern in many parts of the world over the increasing stress placed on the asphaltic material used to pave streets, highways, and runways due to higher traffic volumes and climatic and other environmental factors (e.g., heat, storms, ultraviolet radiation). Adding asphalt modifiers (e.g., polymers) on both the micro and macro scales has improved this material’s physical and rheological properties, but recent research, especially in the field of …
Published in International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology · Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2022 · pp. 37–50 Read article
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Study and Implementation of High Performance Energy Harvester using Aerosol Deposition Method.
Abstract: This paper reports the high-performance piezoelectric energy harvester (EH) fabricated with PbxZr1-xTiO3 (PZT) or xPb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)-(1-x)PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) by aerosol deposition method. The other EH with the same construction and similar thickness of PZT thin film are fabricated and used as a comparison basis. The electrical and mechanical properties of both transducers are characterized and discussed. According to our previous work [1], the output power of a EH not only depends on …
Published in International Journal of Energetic Materials · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 28–33 Read article
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Expedition to Nanosynthesis: A Review
Abstract: Semiconducting metal oxide (like SnO2, ZnO, Ga2O3, Co3O4,TiO2, WO3, etc.) based gas sensors are widely used for the detection of the gases like H2, CO, Nox, CH4 and other hydrocarbons due to its smaller particle size as well as higher surface to volume ratio. Presently several nanoforms of metal oxides like rods, combs, rings, springs, wires, belts, propellers are becoming popular in the field of optoelectronics, ultra-sensitive nanosized gas sensors, …
Published in International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 1–23 Read article
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Future prospects for DSSCs and its fabrication parameters with efficiency enhancement
Abstract: Dye-sensitized solar cells which combine the unique properties of both the organic compound and inorganic compound have attracted the attention of scientists. Thin film of TiO2 paste deposited on ITO (Indium doped Tin Oxide) acts as one electrode, Carbon electrode acts as counter electrode and ruthenium as the sensitizer. I-/I3- is used as the electrolyte. An increase of output potential when the cell was heated over a short period of …
Published in International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 18–30 Read article
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A review on the Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
Abstract: Organic Light emitting diodes OLED have received a large interest in the research community for the last few year. Device consists of a thin film placed between two electrodes of an organic compound. By applying a voltage to the electrodes, charges get injected into the organic Material where they form excited states that recombine and generate light in the past five year OLED display have developed into commercially available in …
Published in International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures · Vol. 5, Issue 2, 2019 · pp. 1–8 Read article
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Studies of several form of material science
Abstract: This article summarizes some studies from cellular foam applicable for permanent configuration. Cells closed by thin films or interlinked by pores. Foam isusedto absorb mechanical properties, heat exchange between liquid and solids henceforth permeable response lead interlinked cellular foam. Various foams are metallic foam, surgical foam, fire resistant building foam, etc. Adoption of light weight fabrication in auto sector has applied foam of polymer, and polymer composite foams to replace …
Published in International Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering · Vol. 6, Issue 2, 2020 · pp. 21–27 Read article
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A Study on Stress Analysis of Aluminum Alloy Solidified in Metallic Molds
Abstract: Abstract The casting technique is regarded as the primary manufacturing process. It has several process parameters that affect the cast structure. Mold geometry is considered one of the most important metal parameters to cast. In the current work, the influence of mold geometries on mechanical properties (deformation and stress concentration) of liquid Aluminum alloy solidified in the steel mold is assessed using ANSYS simulation software. Molds were subject to a …
Published in International Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 10–15 Read article
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Porous Silicon and its Nanoparticles: A Theoretical Study
Abstract: It is very simple and cost consuming technique of fabrication of porous silicon film over silicon substrate and synthesizing the porous silicon and silicon nanoparticles. The etch reactions in RIVPSE process forms the porous structures without need of complex and expensive equipments. The luminescent porous film can be fabricated using this sample technique with any cost effecting methods such as extra energy excitation like plasma or ultraviolet photon and additional …
Published in International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 14–18 Read article
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The Current Role of Nanomaterials in Paints Industry
Abstract: Nano coatings are materials that are made by getting the material at the nuclear level to outline a denser thing. Nano coatings have a couple of purposes of enthusiasm, for instance, better surface appearance, awesome engineered assurance, better warm and electrical conductivity and better disintegration insurance. Wire of nanoparticles update the disintegration insurance of zeolite coatings, epoxy coatings and antimicrobial coatings. The nanopaint development improves the structure's entire ecobalance. The …
Published in International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 19–33 Read article
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Facial Expressions Detection Using Machine Learning
Abstract: Facial expressions are necessary in human communication and understanding emotions. First and foremost, identifying emotions is a critical factor for many businesses to comprehend how their customers are responding to the things they have introduced. It can also be utilized to find out if the amenities provided to their staff are meeting their needs. Additionally, it has a plethora of other applications, such as utilizing a camera to identify someone's …
Published in International Journal of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 11–16 Read article