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417 articles for “cost-effectiveness”
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NANOTECHNOLOGY- A TINY POSSIBLE SOLUTION TO THE GLOBAL WATER CRISIS?
Abstract: The rapidly increasing population, depleting water resources, and climate change have resulted in prolonged droughts and floods. This has rendered drinking water a competitive resource in many parts of the world. The development of cost-effective and stable materials and methods for providing fresh water in adequate amounts is the need for today’s world. Traditional water/wastewater treatment technologies remain ineffective for providing adequate safe water due to increasing demand of water …
Published in International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology · Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2017 · pp. 23–32 Read article
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Bioalcohol Production: A Detailed Review
Abstract: Bioethanol stands as a pivotal player in the realm of renewable energy, deriving from organic materials abundant in sugars or their precursors. Its economic viability hinges largely on the affordability of substrates, which directly influences the overall cost of production. Microbial fermentation of carbohydrates, encompassing both pentose and hexose sugars, yields alcohols alongside valuable by-products, rendering bioethanol a versatile resource, particularly in the context of fuel production. The optimization of …
Published in International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and Biomaterials · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 52–59 Read article
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Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Plant Extract
Abstract: In recent years, research in nanotechnology deals with the development of environmental-friendly processes for the synthesis of stable nanoparticles, possessing well-defined shapes, and controlled narrow sizes. Additionally, due to a vast demand for precious metals (like silver) in the fields such as electronics and catalysis, recovery of silver from both primary and secondary sources is of most significance. Biological recovery of precious metals with the formation of their nanoparticles is …
Published in International Journal of Plant Biotechnology · Vol. 1, Issue 1-2, 2015 · pp. 12–17 Read article
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A Review on Earthquake Resistant Low-Cost Construction Techniques
Abstract: In India various people lives in villages and small houses. Indian people built houses in short income that are more prone to earthquake effects. Due to earthquake, losses of lives are much more there are many techniques to resist earthquake but they are very costly and not used by everyone. There are some useful low-cost techniques to resist earthquake effects. The cost effective with easy construction procedure, there are some …
Published in International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning · Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2018 · pp. 5–9 Read article
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Effectiveness of a Hand Hygiene Programme on Knowledge and Practice among School-Going Children in Selected Primary Schools of Bhuj, Kutch, Gujarat
Abstract: Hand hygiene is one of the most effective, low-cost measures for preventing infectious diseases among school-going children. Children are particularly vulnerable to hygiene-related illnesses due to frequent close contact, shared materials, and inadequate hand-washing practices. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a structured hand hygiene programme on the knowledge and practice of hand washing among school-going children in selected primary schools of Bhuj, Kutch, Gujarat. A hand hygiene …
Published in International journal of Nursing Science Practice and Research · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–15 Read article
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Bio-stimulation with Fresh Avocado Seed for Crude Oil Remediation: Experimental and Bio-kinetic Modelling
Abstract: The remediation of crude oil-contaminated soils requires sustainable and cost-effective solutions. This study investigates the performance of fresh avocado seed (Persea americana) as a biostimulant for the remediation of Bonny Light crude oil-contaminated soil from the Kalarugbana community, Niger Delta. A 56-day laboratory-scale experiment was conducted using bioreactors containing 1 kg of soil contaminated with 100 ml of crude oil and treated with different volumes of fresh avocado seed slurry …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 68–76 Read article
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Synthesis of Bio-Polymeric Network and Developing UV-Visible Spectrophotometric Method for Heavy Metal Ions Removal from Polluted Water by Apple Residues
Abstract: Biosorption is potentially an attractive technology for removing heavy metals from wastewater and discharging heavy metals into an aquatic ecosystem has become a matter of concern all over the globe since the last century. Pollutants from various industrial operations disturb the aquatic systems and heavy metals present in them cause serious human diseases. Previously established methods, such as chemical precipitation, ion exchange, membrane separation, and adsorption are generally costly due …
Published in International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and Biomaterials · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 1–9 Read article
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Effectiveness of deep breathing exercise to reduce stress among intradialytic patients admitted in tertiary care hospital, Belagavi; Karnataka
Abstract: Background: Chronic renal failure is one of the never-ending medical condition and a progressive loss in kidney function over a period of months of years. Hemodialysis is one of the medical management usually do for CRF patients. Stress is one of the common psychological symptoms experienced by the patients during dialysis. This study focuses on aim to evaluate the effectiveness of deep breathing exercise on reducing stress among intradialytic patients. …
Published in International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing · Vol. 2, Issue 2, 2016 · pp. 10–13 Read article
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Adsorption by waste materials - An effective method for removal of pollutants from wastewater
Abstract: Various pollutants in wastewater with high organic and metal content poses a major problem in the field of wastewater treatment. Removal of pollutants by adsorption is very effective and economical method. Low cost materials can be used for adsorption preparation. These include adsorbents prepared from saw dust, bagasse pith, rice husk ash, activated coconut shell powder controlled burnt wood charcoal, fly ash, peat, wood, jute fibers. It is envisaged to …
Published in International Journal of Green Chemistry · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 17–19 Read article
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Usage of Raspberry Pi in Home Automation
Abstract: ABSTRACT In this paper, we demonstrate the working of home automation using Raspberry Pi. Microcontroller and microprocessor are used to develop home control and automation system of low cost. The proposed system is highly feasible and effective as it is built from light switches, power plugs, fans, motor, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and infrared sensors devices. Internet is used to set the novel communication protocol to monitor the control the …
Published in International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging Technologies · Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2018 · pp. 18–20 Read article
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Effect of Cutting Parameters in Hard Turning on Chip Formation and Machined Surface
Abstract: Cost effectiveness, increasing demand, high production rates and reliability of the product have increased the potential of industrial application of hard turning technology during the past few years. Grinding operation for hard steel component reduces the machining sequence, the machining time and the specific cutting energy. Hard turning also shows effects like generation of high temperature, the formation of saw toothed chips. In this thesis, experimental investigation is conducted in …
Published in International Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing · Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2016 · pp. 28–47 Read article
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CAE Analysis and Material Selection for Chassis of 4-Wheel Efficycle
Abstract: ABSTRACT This paper presents a comprehensive Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) analysis and material selection study for the chassis of a four-wheel Efficycle — a hybrid human-electric powered vehicle designed for student competitions and sustainable mobility applications. The objective of the study is to evaluate the structural integrity, stiffness, and crashworthiness of the chassis under various loading scenarios including front impact, side impact, rollover, and torsional loads. Using CAD models developed in …
Published in International Journal of Computer Aided Manufacturing · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 9–18 Read article
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CAE Analysis and Material Selection for Chassis of 4-Wheel Efficycle
Abstract: ABSTRACT This paper presents a comprehensive Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) analysis and material selection study for the chassis of a four-wheel Efficycle — a hybrid human-electric powered vehicle designed for student competitions and sustainable mobility applications. The objective of the study is to evaluate the structural integrity, stiffness, and crashworthiness of the chassis under various loading scenarios including front impact, side impact, rollover, and torsional loads. Using CAD models developed in …
Published in International Journal of Computer Aided Manufacturing · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–10 Read article
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Challenges to Implementation of Adaptive Reuse of Heritage Buildings
Abstract: The growing focus on sustainable adaptability to ensure global climate protection and minimize emissions within the built environment has spurred international research efforts. The construction industry is a significant consumer of resources. Therefore, it is essential to advocate for sustainability by promoting the adaptive reuse of existing buildings. The sustainable preservation of historic structures requires the incorporation of sustainable design principles and presents a viable alternative to demolition and new …
Published in International Journal of Architectural Heritage · Vol. 7, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 19–32 Read article
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Emulsomes-based Formulations for Effective Delivery of Small Molecules: Recent Advances and Modern Applications Perspectives
Abstract: Oral administration is the simplest, most cost-effective, and most important form of medication delivery. As a result, scientists have faced difficulty in improving dosage formulations, particularly for the goal of extended-release. Vesicular drug delivery methods were created to address issues with medicines such as low bioavailability, protection from the hostile stomach environment, and protection against degrading gastric enzymes. Emulsomes were created as a new lipoidal vesicular system with an internal …
Published in International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and Biomaterials · Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2021 · pp. 29–39 Read article
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A Quasi-experimental Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Normal Saline Compress on Thrombophlebitis among Patients in Selected Hospital, Krishnagiri District
Abstract: The present study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of normal saline compress on thrombophlebitis among patients in selected hospital at Krishnagiri District. The aim of the study is: (1). To asses and compare the pre- and post-test levels of thrombophlebitis among patients in study group and control group. (2). To determine the effectiveness of normal saline compress on thrombophlebitis among patients in the study group. (3). To associate the …
Published in International journal of Nursing Science Practice and Research · Vol. 5, Issue 1, 2019 · pp. 90–100 Read article
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Utility of Corrosion Inhibitors for the Corrosion Protection of Materials in Hostile Environments
Abstract: The term “inhibitor” refers to a material that reduces the rate of corrosion in an environment when added in trace amounts. As a result, the inhibitor functions as a catalyst for those delays. Inhibitors come in a wide variety of forms and formulations. The two most crucial considerations when choosing materials for industrial applications are cost and safety. Physical criteria are typically simple to achieve, but corrosion resistance presents significant …
Published in International Journal of Energetic Materials · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 27–34 Read article
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Effect of Bacillus Subtilis on Corrosion of Steel in Reinforced Cement Concrete
Abstract: Abstract Concrete is one of the most used building materials due to its cost- effectiveness, ease of availability, and versatility. It is the backbone of modern construction, being widely applied in infrastructure, residential, and commercial projects. However, it is particularly vulnerable to crack formation, which significantly reduces its service life. These cracks compromise structural integrity by allowing water ingress, which leads to the corrosion of reinforcing steel, eventually making the …
Published in International Journal of Concrete Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 6–14 Read article
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Experimental Study on Effects of Moisture and Clay Content on the Properties of Moulding Sand
Abstract: Sand casting, a time- honoured technique for casting both ferrous and nonferrous metals, remains widely utilized due to its cost-effectiveness, material abundance, and reusability, particularly with sand as a primary resource. This study delves into the intricate dynamics of sand casting, examining its crucial parameters through meticulous analysis of existing research. The investigation focuses on the influence of factors such as sand composition, moisture levels, clay content, and binder type …
Published in International Journal of Structural Mechanics and Finite Elements · Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2024 · pp. 16–25 Read article
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A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Self Instructional Module Regarding Vaccine Preventable Diseases Among Mothers of Under-Five Children at Selected Areas in Tarn Taran.
Abstract: Immunization is the one of the most important and cost effective strategies for the prevention of childhood sicknesses and disabilities and it is a basic need for all children. Seven killer diseases causes a major threat to children and this decreases the health status and making them more vulnerable to infectious disease. The major cause for death is vaccine preventable diseases such as neonatal tetanus, measles, tuberculosis, diphtheria, pertussis, polio …
Published in International Journal of Immunological Nursing · Vol. 1, Issue 1-2, 2015 · pp. 1–7 Read article