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802 articles for “Solutions”
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4 X 4 Multi-band MIMO Antenna: A Study
Abstract: The insatiable demand for higher data rates and improved connectivity in modern wireless communication systems critically relies on Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology. However, the effective realization of MIMO's benefits, particularly in compact devices, is fundamentally constrained by the physical limitations of antenna design, primarily mutual coupling between radiating elements and high spatial correlation. This paper presents the design, analysis, and optimization of a novel 4x4 multi-band MIMO antenna …
Published in International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 19–29 Read article
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IoT Antenna Design for Emerging Technologies: A Study
Abstract: The relentless expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) is fundamentally transforming industries and daily life, interlinking billions of diverse devices. At the heart of this revolution lies the antenna – the critical interface that enables wireless connectivity, yet often presents the most significant design challenge. This paper explores the intricate landscape of IoT antenna design, addressing the multi-faceted demands driven by device miniaturization, pervasive connectivity, energy efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. …
Published in International Journal of Microwave Engineering and Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 39–55 Read article
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THE STUDY OF DIELECTRIC PERMITTIVITY OF NINPs-PDMS
Abstract: Nickel–polydimethylsiloxane (Ni–PDMS) nanocomposites were fabricated to investigate the influence of metallic nanoparticle loading on the dielectric behavior of flexible polymer matrices. Nickel nanoparticles with controlled size distributions were dispersed in PDMS using solution blending and curing protocols optimized to minimize agglomeration. The dielectric permittivity and loss tangent of the resulting nanocomposites were measured across a broad frequency range (typically 10²–10⁶ Hz) and at varying filler volume fractions. Results show a …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 39–50 Read article
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Bifacial Solar Photovoltaics Systems Design and Modelling
Abstract: The rapid evolution of photovoltaic (PV) technologies has led to the emergence of bifacial solar modules as a superior alternative to conventional monofacial panels. Bifacial modules are designed to harness solar irradiance from both the front and rear surfaces, enabling increased energy yield through ground-reflected radiation, known as albedo. This paper presents the design and simulation-based modelling of bifacial solar PV systems, tailored to Indian climatic and geographic conditions. Using …
Published in International Journal of Power Electronics Controllers and Converters · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 20–29 Read article
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IoT-Based Battery Management System for Electric Vehicles
Abstract: Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming increasingly popular due to rising fuel costs and environmental concerns in contemporary applications, where energy storage systems power a wide range of devices, from small gadgets to big electric vehicles and renewable energy grids, efficient battery management is becoming more and more crucial. This study proposes the design and implementation of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based battery management system (BMS) that can continually monitor vital …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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Smart Electricity Consumption Monitoring and Billing System
Abstract: Electricity consumption monitoring is essential for optimizing energy use and reducing costs. Traditional meters provide only cumulative readings, leading to inefficiencies and billing discrepancies. This research presents a smart electricity consumption monitoring and billing system that enables users to track real-time power usage and generate automated bills based on actual consumption. A hardware device measures voltage and current, calculates power consumption, and transmits data to a web-based platform via the …
Published in International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 8–15 Read article
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Self-healing Polymer Nanocomposites study using filler effect
Abstract: Polymers, while versatile, often lack the desired mechanical strength, thermal stability, or barrierproperties for high-performance applications. This limitation is elegantly addressed bycreating polymer nanocomposites. These materials are formed by incorporating small amounts(typically 1-5 wt%) of nanoscale fillers (e.g., carbon nanotubes, graphene, silica, clay, metaloxide nanoparticles) into a polymer matrix. The magic of nanocomposites lies in the incrediblyhigh surface area-to-volume ratio of the nanoparticles and their unique interactions with thepolymer chains. …
Published in International Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering Read article
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Bio-stimulation with Fresh Avocado Seed for Crude Oil Remediation: Experimental and Bio-kinetic Modelling
Abstract: The remediation of crude oil-contaminated soils requires sustainable and cost-effective solutions. This study investigates the performance of fresh avocado seed (Persea americana) as a biostimulant for the remediation of Bonny Light crude oil-contaminated soil from the Kalarugbana community, Niger Delta. A 56-day laboratory-scale experiment was conducted using bioreactors containing 1 kg of soil contaminated with 100 ml of crude oil and treated with different volumes of fresh avocado seed slurry …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 68–76 Read article
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Use of Titanium as filter on chimney
Abstract: Industrial chimneys are one of the largest contributors to air pollution, releasing a wide range of harmful gases and fine particulate matter into the atmosphere. These emissions significantly degrade environmental quality and contribute to long-term public health risks such as respiratory diseases and cardiovascular complications. Traditional air pollution control devices used in industrial exhaust systems, including electrostatic precipitators and bag filters, often struggle with high operational costs, frequent maintenance, and …
Published in International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 120–126 Read article
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The New Era of Fusion and Solid-State Joining: A Review of Latest Welding Techniques and Applications
Abstract: Abstract This review examines the quickly changing field of solid-state joining and welding technologies, emphasizing new developments, practical uses, and future research avenues. Strategies that lower heat input, enhance joint integrity, and allow the connecting of sophisticated and dissimilar materials have gained importance within the last ten years. Solid-state techniques are particularly appealing for lightweight alloys used in the automotive and aerospace industries because they reduce melt-related defects and the …
Published in International Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 35–40 Read article
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Polymer-Based Composites in Orthopedic Applications: A Study
Abstract: The pursuit of ideal biomaterials in the field of orthopaedics is an ongoing process that is drivenby the requirement for improved biocompatibility, mechanical congruence with natural tissues,and long-term stability in vivo. Polymer-based composites, also known as PBCs, have emergedas highly attractive options. These composites offer a one-of-a-kind combination of features thatcan be customised, which addresses many of the constraints that are associated with standardceramic and metallic implants. The purpose of …
Published in International Journal of Composite and Constituent Materials · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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The Role of Earth Tube Heat Exchanger in Improving People’s Comfort in Kutch Bhunga Houses to Cool in Summer and Warmer in Winter: An Eco-Friendly Way to Improve Energy Efficiency
Abstract: To promote sustainable development in the construction sector, it is essential to enhance energy efficiency and abate energy use for building cooling and warming. In a rapidly evolving world filled with innovative solutions and technologies, passive strategies derived from traditional architecture are increasingly used to improve the quality of life while mitigating negative impacts on the environment and human health. Traditional architecture is influenced by local construction materials and techniques, …
Published in International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 27–43 Read article
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Predicting Water Distribution Pipe Thermal Abnormalities Caused by Wildfire
Abstract: The paper covers the temperature thermal control of the water distribution system by predicting the temperature exceeding the safe level at pipes' locations and shutting off the water access to the main distribution pipe. The advantages of predictive thermal control over setting the maximum allowed temperature are provided. The prediction uses a transient heat conduction model with an error function approximation for arbitrary distance from the surface. It is provided …
Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 89–97 Read article
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Joule Effect Revolutionizing Self-Healing Polymer Nanocomposites
Abstract: Imagine a world where the materials around us, from the wings of an airplane to thecasing of your smartphone, could repair themselves after damage. No more discarding crackeddevices, no more costly structural repairs, just a material that intelligently mends its ownwounds. This vision, once confined to science fiction, is rapidly becoming a reality, thanks togroundbreaking advancements in the self-healing polymer nanocomposite materials. And at theheart of one of the most …
Published in International Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering Read article
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Transformable Interiors: Designing Spaces That Morph with User Needs
Abstract: The escalating demand for adaptable, multifunctional spaces in contemporary architecture and interior design is being addressed through the concept of transformable interiors. These dynamic environments leverage smart technologies, modular furniture, and movable partitions to create spaces that can seamlessly transition between various functions – such as living, working, and socializing – thereby enhancing spatial efficiency and user experience. In urban contexts where space is limited, transformable interiors offer a sustainable …
Published in International Journal of Landscape Planning and Architecture · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 34–56 Read article
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Carrying Capacity-Based Urban Design Framework to Tackle Overtourism in the Pilgrim Sites of India
Abstract: Overtourism has emerged as a rapidly spreading concept across tourist destinations worldwide. Pilgrim sites, such as Varanasi, Vaishno Devi, and Tirupati, have suffered from the continuous surge of visitors, especially during peak seasons or festivals, causing environmental degradation, choking crowd situations and a lower visitor experience, and decline the quality of life for the residents. This, along with poor infrastructural planning, causes a significant threat to sustainable development in the …
Published in International Journal of Landscape Planning and Architecture · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 18–33 Read article
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CAE Analysis and Material Selection for Chassis of 4-Wheel Efficycle
Abstract: ABSTRACT This paper presents a comprehensive Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) analysis and material selection study for the chassis of a four-wheel Efficycle — a hybrid human-electric powered vehicle designed for student competitions and sustainable mobility applications. The objective of the study is to evaluate the structural integrity, stiffness, and crashworthiness of the chassis under various loading scenarios including front impact, side impact, rollover, and torsional loads. Using CAD models developed in …
Published in International Journal of Computer Aided Manufacturing · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 9–18 Read article
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Bot Defender: A Collaborative Defense Framework for Botnet Intrusion Mitigation
Abstract: Botnet attacks represent a significant threat to cybersecurity, compromising vast numbers of devices and causing extensive harm. BOT DEFENDER is a novel collaborative defense framework designed to mitigate botnet intrusions effectively. This framework leverages the power of collective intelligence, integrating data from multiple sources to detect and respond to botnet threats in real-time. By utilizing advanced machine learning algorithms, BOT DEFENDER can identify anomalous network behavior indicative of botnet activities, …
Published in International Journal of Broadband Cellular Communication · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 6–11 Read article
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e-Kidney Filtration System (EKS) Using Sensor: A Study
Abstract: This research presents the design and preliminary validation of an E-Kidney Filtration System (EKS), an innovative artificial kidney leveraging advanced sensor technology for precise and adaptable blood filtration. Traditional hemodialysis, while life-sustaining, is a passive process with inherent limitations in its ability to dynamically respond to individual patient needs and fluctuations in physiological parameters. EKS aims to overcome these limitations by integrating a suite of real-time biosensors and electrochemical sensors …
Published in International Journal of Chemical Separation Technology · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 31–40 Read article
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Review of Anomaly Detection Techniques in MANETs: AMachine Learning Approach to Intrusion Detection, Attack Prediction, and Routing Security
Abstract: Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) are decentralized, self-organizing networks that offer flexibility and scalability for a variety of applications. However, their dynamic topology and limited resources make them highly susceptible to security threats. Traditional security measures often struggle to address the complexities of evolving and sophisticated attacks within such networks. This paper reviews the role of machine learning (ML) techniques in enhancing anomaly detection capabilities in MANETs, focusing on their …
Published in International Journal of Broadband Cellular Communication · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2026 · pp. 1–5 Read article