All articles
29 articles
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Electric Vehicle Integration to Stabilize the Grid by Improving Power Quality
Abstract: This paper presents power quality improvement in terms of voltage and frequency regulation for electric vehicles connected to the grid, with a focus on Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) and Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) action. Efficient management of power flow is required to regulate voltage and ensure reliability, which helps to enhance grid stability. The main aim is to optimize the power flow in both directions to improve grid stability and reduce losses. Here, a …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Operational-Amplifier-Based Realization of a 1-BitArithmetic Logic Unit: Design, Implementation, and Experimental Validation
Abstract: This work presents the design, construction, and experimental evaluation of a 1-bit Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) implemented entirely with operational amplifiers (op-amps), using only LM324 devices, passive components, and a dual-polarity ±12 V supply on a breadboard prototype. The ALU per- forms eight fundamental arithmetic and logic operations, addition, subtraction, AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, and XOR, by combining op-amp comparator-mode logic gates with op-amp-based summing and difference amplifiers for …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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An Extensive Analysis of QC's Difficulties & Restrictions
Abstract: QC constitutes a fundamental shift in computational paradigms by exploiting quantum mechanical phenomena namely superposition, entanglement, and interference to achieve computational advantages over classical systems for specific problem domains. Despite significant theoretical progress, the realization of large-scale, fault-tolerant quantum computers remains impeded by a range of intrinsic and technological constraints. This paper offers a thorough & critical analysis of the principal challenges associated with QC, with a focus on de- …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 12, Issue 2, 2026 Read article
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Smart Battery Management System with Real-Time Estimation of SOC and SOH
Abstract: To make batteries in electric vehicles and energy storage systems last longer, work better, and be safer, they need a Smart Battery Management System (BMS). The main goal of this project is to find out the battery's State of Charge (SOC) and State of Health (SOH) right away. SOC reflects the remaining usable capacity of the battery, while SOH indicates the overall condition and degree of aging of the battery. …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 1–7 Read article
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A Overview on Reimagining MOSFET as Precision Thermal Sensor
Abstract: In the landscape of modern microelectronics, the transition from discrete sensing components to fully integrated silicon solutions have become a necessity for the advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT) and high-performance computing. This design explores the utilization of the MOSFET as a primary temperature-sensing transducer, leveraging its inherent thermal sensitivity rather than treating heat as a parasitic interference. By operating the MOSFET in the subthreshold (weak inversion) or saturation …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 8–13 Read article
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Phase-Change Material Integrated Semiconductor Circuits for In-Memory Analog Computing Applications
Abstract: The continuous demand for high-speed, energy-efficient computing has intensified the exploration of in- memory analog computing (IMAC) architectures, which aim to minimize the latency and power overhead associated with conventional von Neumann architectures. This research investigates the integration of phase- change materials (PCMs) with semiconductor circuits to realize programmable, non-volatile in-memory analog computing platforms. PCMs exhibit reversible resistance switching between amorphous and crystalline states, enabling precise analog weight storage directly …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 32–42 Read article
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RF Integrated Circuits: Fundamentals & Basic Concepts
Abstract: Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFICs) are essential building blocks of current wireless communication systems, integrating high frequency analogue components on a single semiconductor chip. Such circuits have a wide use in applications like mobile communication, satellite systems, radar, wireless networking and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. RF integrated circuits are designed to function efficiently at radio frequencies with low power consumption, small size and good performance. The future of wireless …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 24–31 Read article
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Modern Technology Analog Circuits:Applications and Challenges - An Exploration
Abstract: An analog circuit is an electronic system that processes signals that vary continuously. The signals reflect physical quantities, such as sound, temperature or light, as proportionate levels of voltage or current. However, they are not digital circuits. They operate on a continuous spectrum. They use resistors, capacitors, and transistors, and can amplify, filter, or otherwise alter signals. Analog circuits are still a vital feature of electronic systems today, allowing continuous-time …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 12, Issue 1, 2026 · pp. 14–23 Read article
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Systematic Review on Advances in Energy-Efficient RF Circuits and Sustainable Microwave Systems for Green MicrowaveEngineering
Abstract: The increasing global demand for sustainable technologies has catalyzed innovation in energy-efficient radio frequency (RF) and microwave systems. This paper explores the principles,methodologies, and advancements underpinning green microwave engineering, with a particularfocus on the design and optimization of energy-efficient RF circuits. A systematic literature reviewwas conducted, analyzing peer-reviewed publications, technical reports, and case studies to assesscurrent progress and identify persistent challenges. Key findings reveal that low-power circuitdesign techniques, multi-source energy …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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Systematic Review on Advances in Energy-Efficient RF Circuits and Sustainable Microwave Systems for Green MicrowaveEngineering
Abstract: The increasing global demand for sustainable technologies has catalyzed innovation in energy-efficient radio frequency (RF) and microwave systems. This paper explores the principles,methodologies, and advancements underpinning green microwave engineering, with a particularfocus on the design and optimization of energy-efficient RF circuits. A systematic literature reviewwas conducted, analyzing peer-reviewed publications, technical reports, and case studies to assesscurrent progress and identify persistent challenges. Key findings reveal that low-power circuitdesign techniques, multi-source energy …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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The Versatility of the IC 741 in Electronic Sensor System Design
Abstract: In the vast and intricate realm of electronics, few components have had as profound an impact onthe development of sensor systems as the humble IC 741. This groundbreaking device wasdesigned to provide a high degree of flexibility and reliability, making it an ideal choice for awide range of applications. The IC 741 is characterized by its high input impedance, low outputimpedance, and high gain, which allow it to amplify weak …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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The Enduring Impact and Future Trajectory of Semiconductor Temperature Sensing: A Study
Abstract: We live in a world obsessed with measurement, and temperature is its most intimate metric. It isthe difference between a thriving processor and a melted core, between a stable chemicalreaction and a catastrophic one, between a comfortable home and an inhospitable one. Fordecades, this measurement was the domain of mercury columns and bimetallic strips—physical,analog, and stubbornly limited. Then came the silent revolution: the semiconductor temperaturesensor. Semiconductor technology has revolutionized the …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 Read article
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Applications of Trans-Conductance Amplifier in CMOS
Abstract: Abstract: An output voltage proportionate to an input current is produced by the operating trans conductance amplifier. In this regard, it is equivalent to the fundamental purpose of the solid-state devices that make it possible. The operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) is a very adaptable and essential part of contemporary analog and mixed-signal electronic circuits because it produces an output voltage proportionate to an input current. With the extra advantage of …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 1–6 Read article
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Design of a Low-Power CMOS Operational Amplifier for Portable BiomedicalApplications.
Abstract: Portable biomedical devices such as ECG, EEG, and wearable health monitors require analogfront-end circuits that operate at extremely low power while maintaining sufficient gain,bandwidth, and noise performance. Among these circuits, the operational amplifier plays acritical role in signal amplification and conditioning. This paper presents the design andanalysis of a low-power CMOS operational amplifier optimized for portable biomedicalapplications. The proposed amplifier employs a two-stage architecture using power-efficientbiasing techniques to achieve low …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 11, Issue 2, 2025 · pp. 19–25 Read article
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Metal Detector Circuit
Abstract: Metal detecting technology has advanced dramatically and is now essential in a number of domains, including mining, archaeology, security, and commercial uses. Metal detectors are essential instruments in contemporary civilization because of their capacity to detect metallic things by electromagnetic induction. However, understanding the fundamental ideas and construction of metal detectors is essential for maximizing their functionality and broadening their range of uses, considering their pervasive significance. Therefore, this research …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 38–43 Read article
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Luo Converter with Optimized PI Controller Design for Grid-Tied PV-Based Electric Vehicle
Abstract: There is a huge requirement for installing EV chargers all over the globe since the depletion of fossil fuels which are edging. There is a need to find alternative advanced converter to boost the output from PV. The solar energy is the recomended alternative energy to generate electrical enegy without any pollution. Also, In the present scenario, we need to go for Scalable & Sustainable Electric Vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 23–27 Read article
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Review and Analysis of Fault Detection in Self-Healing Hardware System
Abstract: Self-healing hardware systems represent a transformative advancement in fault tolerance, enabling devices to autonomously detect, diagnose, and recover from malfunctions to ensure continuous and reliable operation. This paper explores the critical role of fault detection techniques in self-healing systems, focusing on methods such as built-in self-test (BIST), redundancy, and machine learning-based approaches. These techniques facilitate proactive and real-time fault resolution, addressing the limitations of traditional reactive strategies. The study highlights …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 11–15 Read article
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A Next Gen Encryption and Decryption Analysis based on Golay Codes
Abstract: Secure data transfer is a top priority in today's digital communication environment. Numerous applications of the principles of arithmetic and computing are explored via data coding and decoding. Both in the domains of digital communication and cryptography and cryptanalysis. for enhancing the codes' security via the use of the Galious field (G.F. Algebra and number theory researchers are actively studying computation over finite fields, often known as Galois fields, which …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 2–10 Read article
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A Comprehensive Study on Evolvable Hardware
Abstract: AbstractEvolvable Hardware (EHW) is an innovative approach to hardware design that utilizes evolutionary algorithms, such as Genetic Algorithms (GAs) and Genetic Programming (GP), to enable electronic systems to autonomously adapt, optimize, and reconfigure themselves in response to changing environments or requirements. Inspired by natural evolution, EHW dynamically evolves hardware configurations through selection, mutation, and crossover, allowing systems to improve performance, enhance fault tolerance, and achieve greater energy efficiency. Central to …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 11, Issue 1, 2025 · pp. 16–22 Read article
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IoT based Crop Yield Prediction System using Arduino
Abstract: India is known as an agriculture country, where most villagers have agriculture as a main income source. Agriculture plays a vital role in the Indian economy. India has over 16% GDP based on agriculture. The production of various crops cultivated in India has its own role in the economy as importation and exportation is also important for India’s GDP. As we are progressing through this time, so called ‘progress’; is …
Published in International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits · Vol. 10, Issue 2, 2024 · pp. 1–10 Read article