International Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering
Novel Process for the Synthesis of Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride Using Unsaturated Polyvinyl Chloride Resin
1. Saurabh K. Tiwari*, Deputy General Manager, Department of Polymer Synthesis & Catalysis Reliance Research and Development Centre, Reliance Industries Limited, Navi Mumbai-400701, India
1. Virendrakumar Gupta, Senior Vice President, Department of Polymer Synthesis & Catalysis,
Reliance Research and Development Centre, Reliance Industries Limited, Navi Mumbai-400701, India
Abstract
The present work is related to the process for the synthesis of a reactor made chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) from commercially available thermally treated unsaturated PVC. The synthesis of CPVC is a two-step process. The first step is the controlled thermal treatment of the PVC to generate the unsaturation in the PVC chain. The second step is the chlorination of the thermally treated PVC in presence of an initiator and water as dispersion media. Maximum chlorination is achieved in 4 hours reaction time with 68% chlorine content in PVC. The physical properties of CPVC resin were evaluated and found comparable with commercial CPVC resin. SEM images showed very good morphology of CPVC resin without agglomeration of the particles. The chlorination of the PVC process can be carried out both in a solution as well as in the suspension or dispersion stage.
References (12)
- Sanni T, Tanaka H, Harada M, inventors; Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd, Tokuyama Sekisui Co Ltd, assignee. Chlorinated vinyl chloride-based resin and manufacturing method. United States patent application US 12/516,296. 2010 Mar 11.
- Lu W, Yang Q, Yan B, Cheng Y. Plasma-assisted synthesis of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) characterized by online UV–Vis analysis. Chemical engineering journal. 2012 Oct 1; 207:923-30.
- Shin SM, Yoshioka T, Okuwaki A. Dehydrochlorination behavior of rigid PVC pellet in NaOH solutions at elevated temperature. Polymer degradation and Stability. 1998 Jan 1;61(2):349-53.
- Yoshioka T, Furukawa K, Okuwaki A. Chemical recycling of rigid-PVC by oxygen oxidation in NaOH solutions at elevated temperatures. Polymer Degradation and Stability. 2000 Feb 1;67(2):285-90.
- Yang Q, Lu W, Bai L, Yan B, Cheng Y. UV enhanced gas–solid synthesis of chlorinated poly vinyl chloride characterized by a UV–Vis online analysis method. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering. 2015 Jun 1;23(6):1052-9.
- Friese K, Hösselbarth B, Reinhardt J, Newe R. Radiation-induced solution chlorination of PVC. Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 1996 Mar 1;47(3):431-4.
- Bai L, Lu W, Yang Q, Yan B, Cheng Y. Experimental study and modeling of UV‐enhanced PVC chlorination to CPVC using a gas–solid process. AIChE Journal. 2014 Jun;60(6):2235-43.
- Von Rohr PR, Borer B. Plasma‐Enhanced CVD for Particle Synthesis Using Circulating Fluidized Bed Technology. Chemical Vapor Deposition. 2007 Sep;13(9):499-506.
- Starnes Jr WH. Structural and mechanistic aspects of the thermal degradation of poly (vinyl chloride). Progress in polymer science. 2002 Dec 1;27(10):2133-70.
- Szakács T, Iván B. Epoxidation of thermally degraded poly (vinyl chloride). Polymer degradation and stability. 2004 Sep 1;85(3):1035-9.
- Qian YH, Cao GP, Li XK, Wang N. Synthesis of Chlorinated Poly (vinyl chloride) with Uniform Distribution of Chlorine Assisted by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and a Cosolvent. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 2017 Jun 14;56(23):6562-71.
- Yang, Q., Lu, W., Mao, D., Yang, R., Cheng, Y. Plasma-Assisted Synthesis of Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC) Using a Plasma Circulating Fluidized Bed Reactor (PCFBR). Plasma Process. Polym. 2015; 13: 387-396.