International Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing
A Comprehensive Review of Smart Parking Systems: Technologies, Challenges, and Future Directions
1. Assistant Professor, STE’s NBNSTIC, Ambegaon, SPPU, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
2. UG Student, STES’s NBNSTIC, Ambegaon, SPPU, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Abstract
Abstract
Smart Parking Systems (SPS) are gaining significant attention as a critical solution to address the growing concerns of urban congestion, inefficient use of parking spaces, and environmental sustainability. This paper presents a comprehensive review of SPS, focusing on the key technologies, challenges, and future directions. We explore the integration of advanced technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and sensor networks in the development of SPS. The review delves into various sensor-based systems, data analytics methods, and communication protocols that enable real-time parking space monitoring, intelligent allocation, and dynamic pricing models. Additionally, the paper identifies and analyzes the major challenges in implementing smart parking solutions, including privacy concerns, infrastructure limitations, scalability issues, and integration with existing urban transport systems. Finally, the paper outlines future directions for research and development in smart parking, highlighting the potential of emerging technologies, such as 5G networks, blockchain, and autonomous vehicles to revolutionize urban parking management. This review aims to provide a holistic understanding of SPS and offer valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and industry professionals seeking to optimize urban mobility and parking efficiency.
Keywords: Smart Parking System, parking space, fuel efficiency, Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, sensor networks in the development of SPS
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